Refactor auth middleware (#36848)

Principles: let the caller decide what it needs, but not let the
framework (middleware) guess what it should do.

Then a lot of hacky code can be removed. And some FIXMEs can be fixed.

This PR introduces a new kind of middleware: "PreMiddleware", it will be
executed before all other middlewares on the same routing level, then a
route can declare its options for other middlewares.

By the way, allow the workflow badge to be accessed by Basic or OAuth2
auth.

Fixes: https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/36830
Fixes: https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/36859

modules/web/routing/requestrecord.go

@@ -24,5 +24,5 @@ type requestRecord struct {
 	// mutable fields
 	isLongPolling bool
 	funcInfo      *FuncInfo
-	panicError    any
+	panicError    error
 }