Merge branch 'main' into lunny/issue_dev

2026-05-13 17:35:18 +02:00 · 2025-10-27 11:28:00 -07:00 · 2025-10-27 11:28:00 -07:00 · ed8c578f06
commit ed8c578f06
parent c32d4aa926 cddff73bbd
496 changed files with 11755 additions and 6286 deletions
--- a/.github/workflows/cron-licenses.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cron-licenses.yml
@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.repository == 'go-gitea/gitea'
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
--- a/.github/workflows/cron-translations.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/cron-translations.yml
@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ jobs:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    if: github.repository == 'go-gitea/gitea'
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: crowdin/github-action@v1
        with:
          upload_sources: true
--- a/.github/workflows/files-changed.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/files-changed.yml
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ jobs:
      swagger: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.swagger }}
      yaml: ${{ steps.changes.outputs.yaml }}
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3
        id: changes
        with:
--- a/.github/workflows/pull-compliance.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pull-compliance.yml
@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
      - run: uv python install 3.12
      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v6
      - run: uv python install 3.12
      - run: make deps-py
@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
        with:
@ -71,8 +71,8 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
        with:
@ -144,8 +144,8 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      - uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v5
        with:
@ -189,8 +189,8 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
--- a/.github/workflows/pull-db-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pull-db-tests.yml
@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - "9000:9000"
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -66,8 +66,8 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 10000:10000
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -177,8 +177,8 @@ jobs:
          - "587:587"
          - "993:993"
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -217,8 +217,8 @@ jobs:
        ports:
          - 10000:10000
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
--- a/.github/workflows/pull-e2e-tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pull-e2e-tests.yml
@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ jobs:
    needs: files-changed
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
--- a/.github/workflows/pull-labeler.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pull-labeler.yml
@ -15,6 +15,6 @@ jobs:
      contents: read
      pull-requests: write
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/labeler@v5
+      - uses: actions/labeler@v6
        with:
          sync-labels: true
--- a/.github/workflows/release-nightly.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-nightly.yml
@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ jobs:
  nightly-binary:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-binary
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -61,11 +61,11 @@ jobs:
    permissions:
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ jobs:
    permissions:
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
--- a/.github/workflows/release-tag-rc.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-tag-rc.yml
@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ jobs:
  binary:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-binary
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ jobs:
    permissions:
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ jobs:
    permissions:
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
--- a/.github/workflows/release-tag-version.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-tag-version.yml
@ -17,11 +17,11 @@ jobs:
    permissions:
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+      - uses: actions/setup-go@v6
        with:
          go-version-file: go.mod
          check-latest: true
@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ jobs:
    permissions:
      packages: write # to publish to ghcr.io
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ jobs:
  docker-rootless:
    runs-on: namespace-profile-gitea-release-docker
    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v5
      # fetch all commits instead of only the last as some branches are long lived and could have many between versions
      # fetch all tags to ensure that "git describe" reports expected Gitea version, eg. v1.21.0-dev-1-g1234567
      - run: git fetch --unshallow --quiet --tags --force
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@ -25,6 +25,9 @@ __debug_bin*
 # Visual Studio
 /.vs/

+# mise version managment tool
+mise.toml
+
 *.cgo1.go
 *.cgo2.c
 _cgo_defun.c
@ -121,4 +124,3 @@ prime/
 /AGENT.md
 /CLAUDE.md
 /llms.txt
-
--- a/.golangci.yml
+++ b/.golangci.yml
@ -153,6 +153,7 @@ linters:
        text: '(?i)exitAfterDefer:'
    paths:
      - node_modules
+      - .venv
      - public
      - web_src
      - third_party$
@ -172,6 +173,7 @@ formatters:
    generated: lax
    paths:
      - node_modules
+      - .venv
      - public
      - web_src
      - third_party$
--- a/9
+++ b/9
@ -26,20 +26,16 @@ WORKDIR ${GOPATH}/src/code.gitea.io/gitea
 RUN if [ -n "${GITEA_VERSION}" ]; then git checkout "${GITEA_VERSION}"; fi \
 && make clean-all build

-# Begin env-to-ini build
-RUN go build contrib/environment-to-ini/environment-to-ini.go
-
 # Copy local files
 COPY docker/root /tmp/local

 # Set permissions
 RUN chmod 755 /tmp/local/usr/bin/entrypoint \
-              /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/gitea \
+              /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/* \
              /tmp/local/etc/s6/gitea/* \
              /tmp/local/etc/s6/openssh/* \
              /tmp/local/etc/s6/.s6-svscan/* \
-              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea \
-              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/environment-to-ini
+              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea

 FROM docker.io/library/alpine:3.22
 LABEL maintainer="maintainers@gitea.io"
@ -82,4 +78,3 @@ CMD ["/usr/bin/s6-svscan", "/etc/s6"]

 COPY --from=build-env /tmp/local /
 COPY --from=build-env /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea /app/gitea/gitea
-COPY --from=build-env /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/environment-to-ini /usr/local/bin/environment-to-ini
--- a/Dockerfile.rootless
+++ b/Dockerfile.rootless
@ -26,18 +26,12 @@ WORKDIR ${GOPATH}/src/code.gitea.io/gitea
 RUN if [ -n "${GITEA_VERSION}" ]; then git checkout "${GITEA_VERSION}"; fi \
 && make clean-all build

-# Begin env-to-ini build
-RUN go build contrib/environment-to-ini/environment-to-ini.go
-
 # Copy local files
 COPY docker/rootless /tmp/local

 # Set permissions
-RUN chmod 755 /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/docker-entrypoint.sh \
-              /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/docker-setup.sh \
-              /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/gitea \
-              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea \
-              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/environment-to-ini
+RUN chmod 755 /tmp/local/usr/local/bin/* \
+              /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea

 FROM docker.io/library/alpine:3.22
 LABEL maintainer="maintainers@gitea.io"
@ -71,7 +65,6 @@ RUN chown git:git /var/lib/gitea /etc/gitea

 COPY --from=build-env /tmp/local /
 COPY --from=build-env --chown=root:root /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/gitea /app/gitea/gitea
-COPY --from=build-env --chown=root:root /go/src/code.gitea.io/gitea/environment-to-ini /usr/local/bin/environment-to-ini

 # git:git
 USER 1000:1000
--- a/10
+++ b/10
@ -31,11 +31,11 @@ XGO_VERSION := go-1.25.x

 AIR_PACKAGE ?= github.com/air-verse/air@v1
 EDITORCONFIG_CHECKER_PACKAGE ?= github.com/editorconfig-checker/editorconfig-checker/v3/cmd/editorconfig-checker@v3
-GOFUMPT_PACKAGE ?= mvdan.cc/gofumpt@v0.9.1
-GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@v2.4.0
+GOFUMPT_PACKAGE ?= mvdan.cc/gofumpt@v0.9.2
+GOLANGCI_LINT_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/golangci-lint/v2/cmd/golangci-lint@v2.5.0
 GXZ_PACKAGE ?= github.com/ulikunitz/xz/cmd/gxz@v0.5.15
 MISSPELL_PACKAGE ?= github.com/golangci/misspell/cmd/misspell@v0.7.0
-SWAGGER_PACKAGE ?= github.com/go-swagger/go-swagger/cmd/swagger@717e3cb29becaaf00e56953556c6d80f8a01b286
+SWAGGER_PACKAGE ?= github.com/go-swagger/go-swagger/cmd/swagger@v0.33.1
 XGO_PACKAGE ?= src.techknowlogick.com/xgo@latest
 GO_LICENSES_PACKAGE ?= github.com/google/go-licenses@v1
 GOVULNCHECK_PACKAGE ?= golang.org/x/vuln/cmd/govulncheck@v1
@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ clean: ## delete backend and integration files

 .PHONY: fmt
 fmt: ## format the Go and template code
-	@GOFUMPT_PACKAGE=$(GOFUMPT_PACKAGE) $(GO) run build/code-batch-process.go gitea-fmt -w '{file-list}'
+	@GOFUMPT_PACKAGE=$(GOFUMPT_PACKAGE) $(GO) run tools/code-batch-process.go gitea-fmt -w '{file-list}'
 	$(eval TEMPLATES := $(shell find templates -type f -name '*.tmpl'))
 	@# strip whitespace after '{{' or '(' and before '}}' or ')' unless there is only
 	@# whitespace before it
@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ test\#%:
 coverage:
 	grep '^\(mode: .*\)\|\(.*:[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+,[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+ [0-9]\+ [0-9]\+\)$$' coverage.out > coverage-bodged.out
 	grep '^\(mode: .*\)\|\(.*:[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+,[0-9]\+\.[0-9]\+ [0-9]\+ [0-9]\+\)$$' integration.coverage.out > integration.coverage-bodged.out
-	$(GO) run build/gocovmerge.go integration.coverage-bodged.out coverage-bodged.out > coverage.all
+	$(GO) run tools/gocovmerge.go integration.coverage-bodged.out coverage-bodged.out > coverage.all

 .PHONY: unit-test-coverage
 unit-test-coverage:
--- a/assets/go-licenses.json
+++ b/assets/go-licenses.json
--- a/cmd/admin.go
+++ b/cmd/admin.go
@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func runRepoSyncReleases(ctx context.Context, _ *cli.Command) error {
 		}
 		log.Trace("Processing next %d repos of %d", len(repos), count)
 		for _, repo := range repos {
-			log.Trace("Synchronizing repo %s with path %s", repo.FullName(), repo.RepoPath())
+			log.Trace("Synchronizing repo %s with path %s", repo.FullName(), repo.RelativePath())
 			gitRepo, err := gitrepo.OpenRepository(ctx, repo)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Warn("OpenRepository: %v", err)
@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func runRepoSyncReleases(ctx context.Context, _ *cli.Command) error {
 				continue
 			}

-			log.Trace(" repo %s releases synchronized to tags: from %d to %d",
+			log.Trace("repo %s releases synchronized to tags: from %d to %d",
 				repo.FullName(), oldnum, count)
 			gitRepo.Close()
 		}
--- a/cmd/admin_user_create.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_create.go
@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ func runCreateUser(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
+		// codeql[disable-next-line=go/clear-text-logging]
 		fmt.Printf("generated random password is '%s'\n", password)
 	} else if userType == user_model.UserTypeIndividual {
 		return errors.New("must set either password or random-password flag")
--- a/cmd/admin_user_must_change_password.go
+++ b/cmd/admin_user_must_change_password.go
@ -58,6 +58,7 @@ func runMustChangePassword(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 		return err
 	}

+	// codeql[disable-next-line=go/clear-text-logging]
 	fmt.Printf("Updated %d users setting MustChangePassword to %t\n", n, mustChangePassword)
 	return nil
 }
--- a/cmd/config.go
+++ b/cmd/config.go
@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+
+	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
+)
+
+func cmdConfig() *cli.Command {
+	subcmdConfigEditIni := &cli.Command{
+		Name:  "edit-ini",
+		Usage: "Load an existing INI file, apply environment variables, keep specified keys, and output to a new INI file.",
+		Description: `
+Help users to edit the Gitea configuration INI file.
+
+# Keep Specified Keys
+
+If you need to re-create the configuration file with only a subset of keys,
+you can provide an INI template file for the kept keys and use the "--config-keep-keys" flag.
+For example, if a helm chart needs to reset the settings and only keep SECRET_KEY,
+it can use a template file (only keys take effect, values are ignored):
+
+  [security]
+  SECRET_KEY=
+
+$ ./gitea config edit-ini --config app-old.ini --config-keep-keys app-keys.ini --out app-new.ini
+
+# Map Environment Variables to INI Configuration
+
+Environment variables of the form "GITEA__section_name__KEY_NAME"
+will be mapped to the ini section "[section_name]" and the key
+"KEY_NAME" with the value as provided.
+
+Environment variables of the form "GITEA__section_name__KEY_NAME__FILE"
+will be mapped to the ini section "[section_name]" and the key
+"KEY_NAME" with the value loaded from the specified file.
+
+Environment variable keys can only contain characters "0-9A-Z_",
+if a section or key name contains dot ".", it needs to be escaped as _0x2E_.
+For example, to apply this config:
+
+	[git.config]
+	foo.bar=val
+
+$ export GITEA__git_0x2E_config__foo_0x2E_bar=val
+
+# Put All Together
+
+$ ./gitea config edit-ini --config app.ini --config-keep-keys app-keys.ini --apply-env {--in-place|--out app-new.ini}
+`,
+		Flags: []cli.Flag{
+			// "--config" flag is provided by global flags, and this flag is also used by "environment-to-ini" script wrapper
+			// "--in-place" is also used by "environment-to-ini" script wrapper for its old behavior: always overwrite the existing config file
+			&cli.BoolFlag{
+				Name:  "in-place",
+				Usage: "Output to the same config file as input. This flag will be ignored if --out is set.",
+			},
+			&cli.StringFlag{
+				Name:  "config-keep-keys",
+				Usage: "An INI template file containing keys for keeping. Only the keys defined in the INI template will be kept from old config. If not set, all keys will be kept.",
+			},
+			&cli.BoolFlag{
+				Name:  "apply-env",
+				Usage: "Apply all GITEA__* variables from the environment to the config.",
+			},
+			&cli.StringFlag{
+				Name:  "out",
+				Usage: "Destination config file to write to.",
+			},
+		},
+		Action: runConfigEditIni,
+	}
+
+	return &cli.Command{
+		Name:  "config",
+		Usage: "Manage Gitea configuration",
+		Commands: []*cli.Command{
+			subcmdConfigEditIni,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func runConfigEditIni(_ context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
+	// the config system may change the environment variables, so get a copy first, to be used later
+	env := append([]string{}, os.Environ()...)
+
+	// don't use the guessed setting.CustomConf, instead, require the user to provide --config explicitly
+	if !c.IsSet("config") {
+		return errors.New("flag is required but not set: --config")
+	}
+	configFileIn := c.String("config")
+
+	cfgIn, err := setting.NewConfigProviderFromFile(configFileIn)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to load config file %q: %v", configFileIn, err)
+	}
+
+	// determine output config file: use "--out" flag or use "--in-place" flag to overwrite input file
+	inPlace := c.Bool("in-place")
+	configFileOut := c.String("out")
+	if configFileOut == "" {
+		if !inPlace {
+			return errors.New("either --in-place or --out must be specified")
+		}
+		configFileOut = configFileIn // in-place edit
+	}
+
+	needWriteOut := configFileOut != configFileIn
+
+	cfgOut := cfgIn
+	configKeepKeys := c.String("config-keep-keys")
+	if configKeepKeys != "" {
+		needWriteOut = true
+		cfgOut, err = setting.NewConfigProviderFromFile(configKeepKeys)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to load config-keep-keys template file %q: %v", configKeepKeys, err)
+		}
+
+		for _, secOut := range cfgOut.Sections() {
+			for _, keyOut := range secOut.Keys() {
+				secIn := cfgIn.Section(secOut.Name())
+				keyIn := setting.ConfigSectionKey(secIn, keyOut.Name())
+				if keyIn != nil {
+					keyOut.SetValue(keyIn.String())
+				} else {
+					secOut.DeleteKey(keyOut.Name())
+				}
+			}
+			if len(secOut.Keys()) == 0 {
+				cfgOut.DeleteSection(secOut.Name())
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if c.Bool("apply-env") {
+		if setting.EnvironmentToConfig(cfgOut, env) {
+			needWriteOut = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	if needWriteOut {
+		err = cfgOut.SaveTo(configFileOut)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
--- a/cmd/config_test.go
+++ b/cmd/config_test.go
@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package cmd
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+)
+
+func TestConfigEdit(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	configOld := tmpDir + "/app-old.ini"
+	configTemplate := tmpDir + "/app-template.ini"
+	_ = os.WriteFile(configOld, []byte(`
+[sec]
+k1=v1
+k2=v2
+`), os.ModePerm)
+
+	_ = os.WriteFile(configTemplate, []byte(`
+[sec]
+k1=in-template
+
+[sec2]
+k3=v3
+`), os.ModePerm)
+
+	t.Setenv("GITEA__EnV__KeY", "val")
+
+	t.Run("OutputToNewWithEnv", func(t *testing.T) {
+		configNew := tmpDir + "/app-new.ini"
+		err := NewMainApp(AppVersion{}).Run(t.Context(), []string{
+			"./gitea", "--config", configOld,
+			"config", "edit-ini",
+			"--apply-env",
+			"--config-keep-keys", configTemplate,
+			"--out", configNew,
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		// "k1" old value is kept because its key is in the template
+		// "k2" is removed because it isn't in the template
+		// "k3" isn't in new config because it isn't in the old config
+		// [env] is applied from environment variable
+		data, _ := os.ReadFile(configNew)
+		require.Equal(t, `[sec]
+k1 = v1
+
+[env]
+KeY = val
+`, string(data))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("OutputToExisting(environment-to-ini)", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// the legacy "environment-to-ini" (now a wrapper script) behavior:
+		// if no "--out", then "--in-place" must be used to overwrite the existing "--config" file
+		err := NewMainApp(AppVersion{}).Run(t.Context(), []string{
+			"./gitea", "config", "edit-ini",
+			"--apply-env",
+			"--config", configOld,
+		})
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "either --in-place or --out must be specified")
+
+		// simulate the "environment-to-ini" behavior with "--in-place"
+		err = NewMainApp(AppVersion{}).Run(t.Context(), []string{
+			"./gitea", "config", "edit-ini",
+			"--in-place",
+			"--apply-env",
+			"--config", configOld,
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+
+		data, _ := os.ReadFile(configOld)
+		require.Equal(t, `[sec]
+k1 = v1
+k2 = v2
+
+[env]
+KeY = val
+`, string(data))
+	})
+}
--- a/cmd/generate.go
+++ b/cmd/generate.go
@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ func runGenerateSecretKey(_ context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 		return err
 	}

+	// codeql[disable-next-line=go/clear-text-logging]
 	fmt.Printf("%s", secretKey)

 	if isatty.IsTerminal(os.Stdout.Fd()) {
--- a/cmd/hook.go
+++ b/cmd/hook.go
@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 	userID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPusherID), 10, 64)
 	prID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvPRID), 10, 64)
 	deployKeyID, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvDeployKeyID), 10, 64)
-	actionPerm, _ := strconv.ParseInt(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvActionPerm), 10, 64)
+	actionPerm, _ := strconv.Atoi(os.Getenv(repo_module.EnvActionPerm))

 	hookOptions := private.HookOptions{
 		UserID:                          userID,
@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ Gitea or set your environment appropriately.`, "")
 		GitPushOptions:                  pushOptions(),
 		PullRequestID:                   prID,
 		DeployKeyID:                     deployKeyID,
-		ActionPerm:                      int(actionPerm),
+		ActionPerm:                      actionPerm,
 	}

 	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(os.Stdin)
@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ func runHookPostReceive(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	setup(ctx, c.Bool("debug"))

 	// First of all run update-server-info no matter what
-	if _, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("update-server-info").RunStdString(ctx, nil); err != nil {
+	if _, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("update-server-info").RunStdString(ctx); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to call 'git update-server-info': %w", err)
 	}

--- a/cmd/main.go
+++ b/cmd/main.go
@ -128,6 +128,7 @@ func NewMainApp(appVer AppVersion) *cli.Command {

 	// these sub-commands do not need the config file, and they do not depend on any path or environment variable.
 	subCmdStandalone := []*cli.Command{
+		cmdConfig(),
 		cmdCert(),
 		CmdGenerate,
 		CmdDocs,
--- a/cmd/serv.go
+++ b/cmd/serv.go
@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
-	"time"
 	"unicode"

 	asymkey_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/asymkey"
@ -32,7 +31,6 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/lfs"

-	"github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5"
 	"github.com/kballard/go-shellquote"
 	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
 )
@ -133,27 +131,6 @@ func getAccessMode(verb, lfsVerb string) perm.AccessMode {
 	return perm.AccessModeNone
 }

-func getLFSAuthToken(ctx context.Context, lfsVerb string, results *private.ServCommandResults) (string, error) {
-	now := time.Now()
-	claims := lfs.Claims{
-		RegisteredClaims: jwt.RegisteredClaims{
-			ExpiresAt: jwt.NewNumericDate(now.Add(setting.LFS.HTTPAuthExpiry)),
-			NotBefore: jwt.NewNumericDate(now),
-		},
-		RepoID: results.RepoID,
-		Op:     lfsVerb,
-		UserID: results.UserID,
-	}
-	token := jwt.NewWithClaims(jwt.SigningMethodHS256, claims)
-
-	// Sign and get the complete encoded token as a string using the secret
-	tokenString, err := token.SignedString(setting.LFS.JWTSecretBytes)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", fail(ctx, "Failed to sign JWT Token", "Failed to sign JWT token: %v", err)
-	}
-	return "Bearer " + tokenString, nil
-}
-
 func runServ(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	// FIXME: This needs to internationalised
 	setup(ctx, c.Bool("debug"))
@ -283,7 +260,7 @@ func runServ(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {

 	// LFS SSH protocol
 	if verb == git.CmdVerbLfsTransfer {
-		token, err := getLFSAuthToken(ctx, lfsVerb, results)
+		token, err := lfs.GetLFSAuthTokenWithBearer(lfs.AuthTokenOptions{Op: lfsVerb, UserID: results.UserID, RepoID: results.RepoID})
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@ -294,7 +271,7 @@ func runServ(ctx context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
 	if verb == git.CmdVerbLfsAuthenticate {
 		url := fmt.Sprintf("%s%s/%s.git/info/lfs", setting.AppURL, url.PathEscape(results.OwnerName), url.PathEscape(results.RepoName))

-		token, err := getLFSAuthToken(ctx, lfsVerb, results)
+		token, err := lfs.GetLFSAuthTokenWithBearer(lfs.AuthTokenOptions{Op: lfsVerb, UserID: results.UserID, RepoID: results.RepoID})
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
--- a/cmd/web.go
+++ b/cmd/web.go
@ -156,7 +156,6 @@ func serveInstall(cmd *cli.Command) error {
 	case <-graceful.GetManager().IsShutdown():
 		<-graceful.GetManager().Done()
 		log.Info("PID: %d Gitea Web Finished", os.Getpid())
-		log.GetManager().Close()
 		return err
 	default:
 	}
@ -231,7 +230,6 @@ func serveInstalled(c *cli.Command) error {
 	err := listen(webRoutes, true)
 	<-graceful.GetManager().Done()
 	log.Info("PID: %d Gitea Web Finished", os.Getpid())
-	log.GetManager().Close()
 	return err
 }

--- a/contrib/environment-to-ini/README
+++ b/contrib/environment-to-ini/README
@ -1,47 +0,0 @@
-Environment To Ini
-==================
-
-Multiple docker users have requested that the Gitea docker is changed
-to permit arbitrary configuration via environment variables.
-
-Gitea needs to use an ini file for configuration because the running
-environment that starts the docker may not be the same as that used
-by the hooks. An ini file also gives a good default and means that
-users do not have to completely provide a full environment.
-
-With those caveats above, this command provides a generic way of
-converting suitably structured environment variables into any ini
-value.
-
-To use the command is very simple just run it and the default gitea
-app.ini will be rewritten to take account of the variables provided,
-however there are various options to give slightly different
-behavior and these can be interrogated with the `-h` option.
-
-The environment variables should be of the form:
-
-	GITEA__SECTION_NAME__KEY_NAME
-
-Note, SECTION_NAME in the notation above is case-insensitive.
-
-Environment variables are usually restricted to a reduced character
-set "0-9A-Z_" - in order to allow the setting of sections with
-characters outside of that set, they should be escaped as following:
-"_0X2E_" for "." and "_0X2D_" for "-". The entire section and key names 
-can be escaped as a UTF8 byte string if necessary. E.g. to configure:
-
-	"""
-	...
-	[log.console]
-	COLORIZE=false
-	STDERR=true
-	...
-	"""
-
-You would set the environment variables: "GITEA__LOG_0x2E_CONSOLE__COLORIZE=false"
-and "GITEA__LOG_0x2E_CONSOLE__STDERR=false". Other examples can be found
-on the configuration cheat sheet.
-
-To build locally, run:
-
-	go build contrib/environment-to-ini/environment-to-ini.go
--- a/contrib/environment-to-ini/environment-to-ini.go
+++ b/contrib/environment-to-ini/environment-to-ini.go
@ -1,112 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2019 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
-// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
-
-package main
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"os"
-
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
-
-	"github.com/urfave/cli/v3"
-)
-
-func main() {
-	app := cli.Command{}
-	app.Name = "environment-to-ini"
-	app.Usage = "Use provided environment to update configuration ini"
-	app.Description = `As a helper to allow docker users to update the gitea configuration
-	through the environment, this command allows environment variables to
-	be mapped to values in the ini.
-
-	Environment variables of the form "GITEA__SECTION_NAME__KEY_NAME"
-	will be mapped to the ini section "[section_name]" and the key
-	"KEY_NAME" with the value as provided.
-
-	Environment variables of the form "GITEA__SECTION_NAME__KEY_NAME__FILE"
-	will be mapped to the ini section "[section_name]" and the key
-	"KEY_NAME" with the value loaded from the specified file.
-
-	Environment variables are usually restricted to a reduced character
-	set "0-9A-Z_" - in order to allow the setting of sections with
-	characters outside of that set, they should be escaped as following:
-	"_0X2E_" for ".". The entire section and key names can be escaped as
-	a UTF8 byte string if necessary. E.g. to configure:
-
-		"""
-		...
-		[log.console]
-		COLORIZE=false
-		STDERR=true
-		...
-		"""
-
-	You would set the environment variables: "GITEA__LOG_0x2E_CONSOLE__COLORIZE=false"
-	and "GITEA__LOG_0x2E_CONSOLE__STDERR=false". Other examples can be found
-	on the configuration cheat sheet.`
-	app.Flags = []cli.Flag{
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:    "custom-path",
-			Aliases: []string{"C"},
-			Value:   setting.CustomPath,
-			Usage:   "Custom path file path",
-		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:    "config",
-			Aliases: []string{"c"},
-			Value:   setting.CustomConf,
-			Usage:   "Custom configuration file path",
-		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:    "work-path",
-			Aliases: []string{"w"},
-			Value:   setting.AppWorkPath,
-			Usage:   "Set the gitea working path",
-		},
-		&cli.StringFlag{
-			Name:    "out",
-			Aliases: []string{"o"},
-			Value:   "",
-			Usage:   "Destination file to write to",
-		},
-	}
-	app.Action = runEnvironmentToIni
-	err := app.Run(context.Background(), os.Args)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal("Failed to run app with %s: %v", os.Args, err)
-	}
-}
-
-func runEnvironmentToIni(_ context.Context, c *cli.Command) error {
-	// the config system may change the environment variables, so get a copy first, to be used later
-	env := append([]string{}, os.Environ()...)
-	setting.InitWorkPathAndCfgProvider(os.Getenv, setting.ArgWorkPathAndCustomConf{
-		WorkPath:   c.String("work-path"),
-		CustomPath: c.String("custom-path"),
-		CustomConf: c.String("config"),
-	})
-
-	cfg, err := setting.NewConfigProviderFromFile(setting.CustomConf)
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal("Failed to load custom conf '%s': %v", setting.CustomConf, err)
-	}
-
-	changed := setting.EnvironmentToConfig(cfg, env)
-
-	// try to save the config file
-	destination := c.String("out")
-	if len(destination) == 0 {
-		destination = setting.CustomConf
-	}
-	if destination != setting.CustomConf || changed {
-		log.Info("Settings saved to: %q", destination)
-		err = cfg.SaveTo(destination)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
--- a/custom/conf/app.example.ini
+++ b/custom/conf/app.example.ini
@ -1343,6 +1343,10 @@ LEVEL = Info
 ;; Dont mistake it for Reactions.
 ;CUSTOM_EMOJIS = gitea, codeberg, gitlab, git, github, gogs
 ;;
+;; Comma separated list of enabled emojis, for example: smile, thumbsup, thumbsdown
+;; Leave it empty to enable all emojis.
+;ENABLED_EMOJIS =
+;;
 ;; Whether the full name of the users should be shown where possible. If the full name isn't set, the username will be used.
 ;DEFAULT_SHOW_FULL_NAME = false
 ;;
@ -2536,7 +2540,19 @@ LEVEL = Info
 ;; * sanitized: Sanitize the content and render it inside current page, default to only allow a few HTML tags and attributes. Customized sanitizer rules can be defined in [markup.sanitizer.*] .
 ;; * no-sanitizer: Disable the sanitizer and render the content inside current page. It's **insecure** and may lead to XSS attack if the content contains malicious code.
 ;; * iframe: Render the content in a separate standalone page and embed it into current page by iframe. The iframe is in sandbox mode with same-origin disabled, and the JS code are safely isolated from parent page.
-;RENDER_CONTENT_MODE=sanitized
+;RENDER_CONTENT_MODE = sanitized
+;; The sandbox applied to the iframe and Content-Security-Policy header when RENDER_CONTENT_MODE is `iframe`.
+;; It defaults to a safe set of "allow-*" restrictions (space separated).
+;; You can also set it by your requirements or use "disabled" to disable the sandbox completely.
+;; When set it, make sure there is no security risk:
+;; * PDF-only content: generally safe to use "disabled", and it needs to be "disabled" because PDF only renders with no sandbox.
+;; * HTML content with JS: if the "RENDER_COMMAND" can guarantee there is no XSS, then it is safe, otherwise, you need to fine tune the "allow-*" restrictions.
+;RENDER_CONTENT_SANDBOX =
+;; Whether post-process the rendered HTML content, including:
+;; resolve relative links and image sources, recognizing issue/commit references, escaping invisible characters,
+;; mentioning users, rendering permlink code blocks, replacing emoji shorthands, etc.
+;; By default, this is true when RENDER_CONTENT_MODE is `sanitized`, otherwise false.
+;NEED_POST_PROCESS = false

 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
--- a/docker/root/usr/local/bin/environment-to-ini
+++ b/docker/root/usr/local/bin/environment-to-ini
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+exec /app/gitea/gitea config edit-ini --in-place --apply-env "$@"
--- a/docker/rootless/usr/local/bin/environment-to-ini
+++ b/docker/rootless/usr/local/bin/environment-to-ini
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+exec /app/gitea/gitea config edit-ini --in-place --apply-env "$@"
--- a/eslint.config.ts
+++ b/eslint.config.ts
@ -49,24 +49,20 @@ export default defineConfig([
    },
    linterOptions: {
      reportUnusedDisableDirectives: 2,
+      reportUnusedInlineConfigs: 2,
    },
    plugins: {
      '@eslint-community/eslint-comments': comments,
-      // @ts-expect-error
      '@stylistic': stylistic,
      '@typescript-eslint': typescriptPlugin.plugin,
      'array-func': arrayFunc,
      // @ts-expect-error -- https://github.com/un-ts/eslint-plugin-import-x/issues/203
      'import-x': importPlugin,
      'no-use-extend-native': noUseExtendNative,
-      // @ts-expect-error
      regexp,
-      // @ts-expect-error
      sonarjs,
-      // @ts-expect-error
      unicorn,
      github,
-      // @ts-expect-error
      wc,
    },
    settings: {
@ -595,6 +591,7 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'no-unused-vars': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
      'no-use-before-define': [0], // handled by @typescript-eslint/no-use-before-define
      'no-use-extend-native/no-use-extend-native': [2],
+      'no-useless-assignment': [2],
      'no-useless-backreference': [2],
      'no-useless-call': [2],
      'no-useless-catch': [2],
@ -900,7 +897,6 @@ export default defineConfig([
      'yoda': [2, 'never'],
    },
  },
-  // @ts-expect-error
  {
    ...playwright.configs['flat/recommended'],
    files: ['tests/e2e/**'],
@ -916,7 +912,6 @@ export default defineConfig([
      },
    },
    extends: [
-      // @ts-expect-error
      vue.configs['flat/recommended'],
      // @ts-expect-error
      vueScopedCss.configs['flat/recommended'],
--- a/flake.lock
+++ b/flake.lock
@ -20,11 +20,11 @@
    },
    "nixpkgs": {
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1755186698,
-        "narHash": "sha256-wNO3+Ks2jZJ4nTHMuks+cxAiVBGNuEBXsT29Bz6HASo=",
+        "lastModified": 1760038930,
+        "narHash": "sha256-Oncbh0UmHjSlxO7ErQDM3KM0A5/Znfofj2BSzlHLeVw=",
        "owner": "nixos",
        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "fbcf476f790d8a217c3eab4e12033dc4a0f6d23c",
+        "rev": "0b4defa2584313f3b781240b29d61f6f9f7e0df3",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 module code.gitea.io/gitea

-go 1.25.1
+go 1.25.3

 // rfc5280 said: "The serial number is an integer assigned by the CA to each certificate."
 // But some CAs use negative serial number, just relax the check. related:
@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/bohde/codel v0.2.0
 	github.com/buildkite/terminal-to-html/v3 v3.16.8
 	github.com/caddyserver/certmagic v0.24.0
-	github.com/charmbracelet/git-lfs-transfer v0.2.0
+	github.com/charmbracelet/git-lfs-transfer v0.1.1-0.20251013092601-6327009efd21
 	github.com/chi-middleware/proxy v1.1.1
 	github.com/dimiro1/reply v0.0.0-20200315094148-d0136a4c9e21
 	github.com/djherbis/buffer v1.2.0
@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/go-co-op/gocron v1.37.0
 	github.com/go-enry/go-enry/v2 v2.9.2
 	github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5 v5.6.2
-	github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.16.2
+	github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.16.3
 	github.com/go-ldap/ldap/v3 v3.4.11
 	github.com/go-redsync/redsync/v4 v4.13.0
 	github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql v1.9.3
@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20
 	github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3 v1.14.32
 	github.com/meilisearch/meilisearch-go v0.33.2
-	github.com/mholt/archives v0.1.3
+	github.com/mholt/archives v0.0.0-20251009205813-e30ac6010726
 	github.com/microcosm-cc/bluemonday v1.0.27
 	github.com/microsoft/go-mssqldb v1.9.3
 	github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.95
@ -109,20 +109,20 @@ require (
 	github.com/ulikunitz/xz v0.5.15
 	github.com/urfave/cli-docs/v3 v3.0.0-alpha6
 	github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.4.1
-	github.com/wneessen/go-mail v0.7.1
+	github.com/wneessen/go-mail v0.7.2
 	github.com/xeipuuv/gojsonschema v1.2.0
 	github.com/yohcop/openid-go v1.0.1
 	github.com/yuin/goldmark v1.7.13
 	github.com/yuin/goldmark-highlighting/v2 v2.0.0-20230729083705-37449abec8cc
 	github.com/yuin/goldmark-meta v1.1.0
 	gitlab.com/gitlab-org/api/client-go v0.142.4
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.41.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.42.0
 	golang.org/x/image v0.30.0
-	golang.org/x/net v0.43.0
+	golang.org/x/net v0.44.0
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.30.0
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.17.0
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0
-	golang.org/x/text v0.29.0
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.37.0
+	golang.org/x/text v0.30.0
 	google.golang.org/grpc v1.75.0
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.8
 	gopkg.in/ini.v1 v1.67.0
@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.5.7 // indirect
 	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.6.2 // indirect
 	github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring/v2 v2.10.0 // indirect
-	github.com/STARRY-S/zip v0.2.1 // indirect
+	github.com/STARRY-S/zip v0.2.3 // indirect
 	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/andybalholm/cascadia v1.3.3 // indirect
 	github.com/anmitsu/go-shlex v0.0.0-20200514113438-38f4b401e2be // indirect
@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/blevesearch/zapx/v16 v16.2.4 // indirect
 	github.com/bmatcuk/doublestar/v4 v4.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bodgit/plumbing v1.3.0 // indirect
-	github.com/bodgit/sevenzip v1.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/bodgit/sevenzip v1.6.1 // indirect
 	github.com/bodgit/windows v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/boombuler/barcode v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/bradfitz/gomemcache v0.0.0-20250403215159-8d39553ac7cf // indirect
@ -233,14 +233,14 @@ require (
 	github.com/mikelolasagasti/xz v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/crc64nvme v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2 // indirect
-	github.com/minio/minlz v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/minio/minlz v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/mrjones/oauth v0.0.0-20190623134757-126b35219450 // indirect
 	github.com/mschoch/smat v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
-	github.com/nwaples/rardecode/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/nwaples/rardecode/v2 v2.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/olekukonko/cat v0.0.0-20250817074551-3280053e4e00 // indirect
 	github.com/olekukonko/errors v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/olekukonko/ll v0.1.0 // indirect
@ -259,7 +259,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 // indirect
 	github.com/skeema/knownhosts v1.3.1 // indirect
-	github.com/sorairolake/lzip-go v0.3.5 // indirect
+	github.com/sorairolake/lzip-go v0.3.8 // indirect
+	github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0 // indirect
 	github.com/ssor/bom v0.0.0-20170718123548-6386211fdfcf // indirect
 	github.com/tinylib/msgp v1.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/unknwon/com v1.0.1 // indirect
@ -278,9 +279,9 @@ require (
 	go.uber.org/zap/exp v0.3.0 // indirect
 	go4.org v0.0.0-20230225012048-214862532bf5 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20250819193227-8b4c13bb791b // indirect
-	golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/mod v0.28.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.12.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/tools v0.37.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20250826171959-ef028d996bc1 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/warnings.v0 v0.1.2 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
@ -295,10 +296,7 @@ replace github.com/jaytaylor/html2text => github.com/Necoro/html2text v0.0.0-202

 replace github.com/hashicorp/go-version => github.com/6543/go-version v1.3.1

-replace github.com/nektos/act => gitea.com/gitea/act v0.261.6
-
-// TODO: the only difference is in `PutObject`: the fork doesn't use `NewVerifyingReader(r, sha256.New(), oid, expectedSize)`, need to figure out why
-replace github.com/charmbracelet/git-lfs-transfer => gitea.com/gitea/git-lfs-transfer v0.2.0
+replace github.com/nektos/act => gitea.com/gitea/act v0.261.7-0.20251003180512-ac6e4b751763

 replace git.sr.ht/~mariusor/go-xsd-duration => gitea.com/gitea/go-xsd-duration v0.0.0-20220703122237-02e73435a078

--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@ -31,10 +31,8 @@ dario.cat/mergo v1.0.2/go.mod h1:E/hbnu0NxMFBjpMIE34DRGLWqDy0g5FuKDhCb31ngxA=
 dmitri.shuralyov.com/gpu/mtl v0.0.0-20190408044501-666a987793e9/go.mod h1:H6x//7gZCb22OMCxBHrMx7a5I7Hp++hsVxbQ4BYO7hU=
 filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 h1:FNf4tywRC1HmFuKW5xopWpigGjJKiJSV0Cqo0cJWDaA=
 filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0/go.mod h1:BxyFTGdWcka3PhytdK4V28tE5sGfRvvvRV7EaN4VDT4=
-gitea.com/gitea/act v0.261.6 h1:CjZwKOyejonNFDmsXOw3wGm5Vet573hHM6VMLsxtvPY=
-gitea.com/gitea/act v0.261.6/go.mod h1:Pg5C9kQY1CEA3QjthjhlrqOC/QOT5NyWNjOjRHw23Ok=
-gitea.com/gitea/git-lfs-transfer v0.2.0 h1:baHaNoBSRaeq/xKayEXwiDQtlIjps4Ac/Ll4KqLMB40=
-gitea.com/gitea/git-lfs-transfer v0.2.0/go.mod h1:UrXUCm3xLQkq15fu7qlXHUMlrhdlXHoi13KH2Dfiits=
+gitea.com/gitea/act v0.261.7-0.20251003180512-ac6e4b751763 h1:ohdxegvslDEllZmRNDqpKun6L4Oq81jNdEDtGgHEV2c=
+gitea.com/gitea/act v0.261.7-0.20251003180512-ac6e4b751763/go.mod h1:Pg5C9kQY1CEA3QjthjhlrqOC/QOT5NyWNjOjRHw23Ok=
 gitea.com/gitea/go-xsd-duration v0.0.0-20220703122237-02e73435a078 h1:BAFmdZpRW7zMQZQDClaCWobRj9uL1MR3MzpCVJvc5s4=
 gitea.com/gitea/go-xsd-duration v0.0.0-20220703122237-02e73435a078/go.mod h1:g/V2Hjas6Z1UHUp4yIx6bATpNzJ7DYtD0FG3+xARWxs=
 gitea.com/go-chi/binding v0.0.0-20240430071103-39a851e106ed h1:EZZBtilMLSZNWtHHcgq2mt6NSGhJSZBuduAlinMEmso=
@ -93,8 +91,8 @@ github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring v0.4.23/go.mod h1:D0gp8kJQgE1A4LQ5wFLggQEyvDi06
 github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring v0.7.1/go.mod h1:jdT9ykXwHFNdJbEtxePexlFYH9LXucApeS0/+/g+p1I=
 github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring/v2 v2.10.0 h1:HbJ8Cs71lfCJyvmSptxeMX2PtvOC8yonlU0GQcy2Ak0=
 github.com/RoaringBitmap/roaring/v2 v2.10.0/go.mod h1:FiJcsfkGje/nZBZgCu0ZxCPOKD/hVXDS2dXi7/eUFE0=
-github.com/STARRY-S/zip v0.2.1 h1:pWBd4tuSGm3wtpoqRZZ2EAwOmcHK6XFf7bU9qcJXyFg=
-github.com/STARRY-S/zip v0.2.1/go.mod h1:xNvshLODWtC4EJ702g7cTYn13G53o1+X9BWnPFpcWV4=
+github.com/STARRY-S/zip v0.2.3 h1:luE4dMvRPDOWQdeDdUxUoZkzUIpTccdKdhHHsQJ1fm4=
+github.com/STARRY-S/zip v0.2.3/go.mod h1:lqJ9JdeRipyOQJrYSOtpNAiaesFO6zVDsE8GIGFaoSk=
 github.com/SaveTheRbtz/zstd-seekable-format-go/pkg v0.8.0 h1:tgjwQrDH5m6jIYB7kac5IQZmfUzQNseac/e3H4VoCNE=
 github.com/SaveTheRbtz/zstd-seekable-format-go/pkg v0.8.0/go.mod h1:1HmmMEVsr+0R1QWahSeMJkjSkq6CYAZu1aIbYSpfJ4o=
 github.com/alecthomas/assert/v2 v2.11.0 h1:2Q9r3ki8+JYXvGsDyBXwH3LcJ+WK5D0gc5E8vS6K3D0=
@ -193,8 +191,8 @@ github.com/bmatcuk/doublestar/v4 v4.9.1/go.mod h1:xBQ8jztBU6kakFMg+8WGxn0c6z1fTS
 github.com/bmizerany/perks v0.0.0-20141205001514-d9a9656a3a4b/go.mod h1:ac9efd0D1fsDb3EJvhqgXRbFx7bs2wqZ10HQPeU8U/Q=
 github.com/bodgit/plumbing v1.3.0 h1:pf9Itz1JOQgn7vEOE7v7nlEfBykYqvUYioC61TwWCFU=
 github.com/bodgit/plumbing v1.3.0/go.mod h1:JOTb4XiRu5xfnmdnDJo6GmSbSbtSyufrsyZFByMtKEs=
-github.com/bodgit/sevenzip v1.6.0 h1:a4R0Wu6/P1o1pP/3VV++aEOcyeBxeO/xE2Y9NSTrr6A=
-github.com/bodgit/sevenzip v1.6.0/go.mod h1:zOBh9nJUof7tcrlqJFv1koWRrhz3LbDbUNngkuZxLMc=
+github.com/bodgit/sevenzip v1.6.1 h1:kikg2pUMYC9ljU7W9SaqHXhym5HyKm8/M/jd31fYan4=
+github.com/bodgit/sevenzip v1.6.1/go.mod h1:GVoYQbEVbOGT8n2pfqCIMRUaRjQ8F9oSqoBEqZh5fQ8=
 github.com/bodgit/windows v1.0.1 h1:tF7K6KOluPYygXa3Z2594zxlkbKPAOvqr97etrGNIz4=
 github.com/bodgit/windows v1.0.1/go.mod h1:a6JLwrB4KrTR5hBpp8FI9/9W9jJfeQ2h4XDXU74ZCdM=
 github.com/bohde/codel v0.2.0 h1:fzF7ibgKmCfQbOzQCblmQcwzDRmV7WO7VMLm/hDvD3E=
@ -219,6 +217,8 @@ github.com/cention-sany/utf7 v0.0.0-20170124080048-26cad61bd60a h1:MISbI8sU/PSK/
 github.com/cention-sany/utf7 v0.0.0-20170124080048-26cad61bd60a/go.mod h1:2GxOXOlEPAMFPfp014mK1SWq8G8BN8o7/dfYqJrVGn8=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
 github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
+github.com/charmbracelet/git-lfs-transfer v0.1.1-0.20251013092601-6327009efd21 h1:2d64+4Jek9vjYwhY93AjbleiVH+AeWvPwPmDi1mfKFQ=
+github.com/charmbracelet/git-lfs-transfer v0.1.1-0.20251013092601-6327009efd21/go.mod h1:fNlYtCHWTRC8MofQERZkVUNUWaOvZeTBqHn/amSbKZI=
 github.com/chi-middleware/proxy v1.1.1 h1:4HaXUp8o2+bhHr1OhVy+VjN0+L7/07JDcn6v7YrTjrQ=
 github.com/chi-middleware/proxy v1.1.1/go.mod h1:jQwMEJct2tz9VmtCELxvnXoMfa+SOdikvbVJVHv/M+0=
 github.com/chromedp/cdproto v0.0.0-20230802225258-3cf4e6d46a89/go.mod h1:GKljq0VrfU4D5yc+2qA6OVr8pmO/MBbPEWqWQ/oqGEs=
@ -339,8 +339,8 @@ github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5 v5.6.2 h1:6Q86EsPXMa7c3YZ3aLAQsMA0VlWmy43r6FHqa/UN
 github.com/go-git/go-billy/v5 v5.6.2/go.mod h1:rcFC2rAsp/erv7CMz9GczHcuD0D32fWzH+MJAU+jaUU=
 github.com/go-git/go-git-fixtures/v4 v4.3.2-0.20231010084843-55a94097c399 h1:eMje31YglSBqCdIqdhKBW8lokaMrL3uTkpGYlE2OOT4=
 github.com/go-git/go-git-fixtures/v4 v4.3.2-0.20231010084843-55a94097c399/go.mod h1:1OCfN199q1Jm3HZlxleg+Dw/mwps2Wbk9frAWm+4FII=
-github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.16.2 h1:fT6ZIOjE5iEnkzKyxTHK1W4HGAsPhqEqiSAssSO77hM=
-github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.16.2/go.mod h1:4Ge4alE/5gPs30F2H1esi2gPd69R0C39lolkucHBOp8=
+github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.16.3 h1:Z8BtvxZ09bYm/yYNgPKCzgWtaRqDTgIKRgIRHBfU6Z8=
+github.com/go-git/go-git/v5 v5.16.3/go.mod h1:4Ge4alE/5gPs30F2H1esi2gPd69R0C39lolkucHBOp8=
 github.com/go-gl/glfw v0.0.0-20190409004039-e6da0acd62b1/go.mod h1:vR7hzQXu2zJy9AVAgeJqvqgH9Q5CA+iKCZ2gyEVpxRU=
 github.com/go-gl/glfw/v3.3/glfw v0.0.0-20191125211704-12ad95a8df72/go.mod h1:tQ2UAYgL5IevRw8kRxooKSPJfGvJ9fJQFa0TUsXzTg8=
 github.com/go-ini/ini v1.67.0 h1:z6ZrTEZqSWOTyH2FlglNbNgARyHG8oLW9gMELqKr06A=
@ -572,8 +572,8 @@ github.com/meilisearch/meilisearch-go v0.33.2 h1:YgsQSLYhAkRN2ias6I1KNRTjdYCN5w2
 github.com/meilisearch/meilisearch-go v0.33.2/go.mod h1:6eOPcQ+OAuwXvnONlfSgfgvr7TIAWM/6OdhcVHg8cF0=
 github.com/mholt/acmez/v3 v3.1.2 h1:auob8J/0FhmdClQicvJvuDavgd5ezwLBfKuYmynhYzc=
 github.com/mholt/acmez/v3 v3.1.2/go.mod h1:L1wOU06KKvq7tswuMDwKdcHeKpFFgkppZy/y0DFxagQ=
-github.com/mholt/archives v0.1.3 h1:aEAaOtNra78G+TvV5ohmXrJOAzf++dIlYeDW3N9q458=
-github.com/mholt/archives v0.1.3/go.mod h1:LUCGp++/IbV/I0Xq4SzcIR6uwgeh2yjnQWamjRQfLTU=
+github.com/mholt/archives v0.0.0-20251009205813-e30ac6010726 h1:narluFTg20M5KBwKxedpFiSMkdjQRRNUlpY4uAsKMwk=
+github.com/mholt/archives v0.0.0-20251009205813-e30ac6010726/go.mod h1:3TPMmBLPsgszL+1As5zECTuKwKvIfj6YcwWPpeTAXF4=
 github.com/microcosm-cc/bluemonday v1.0.27 h1:MpEUotklkwCSLeH+Qdx1VJgNqLlpY2KXwXFM08ygZfk=
 github.com/microcosm-cc/bluemonday v1.0.27/go.mod h1:jFi9vgW+H7c3V0lb6nR74Ib/DIB5OBs92Dimizgw2cA=
 github.com/microsoft/go-mssqldb v1.9.3 h1:hy4p+LDC8LIGvI3JATnLVmBOLMJbmn5X400mr5j0lPs=
@ -588,8 +588,8 @@ github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2 h1:Gdi1DZK69+ZVMoNHRXJyNcxrMA4dSxoYHZSQbirFg34=
 github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2/go.mod h1:MzdKDxYpY2BT9XQFocsiZf/NKVtR7nkE4RoEpN+20RM=
 github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.95 h1:ywOUPg+PebTMTzn9VDsoFJy32ZuARN9zhB+K3IYEvYU=
 github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.95/go.mod h1:wOOX3uxS334vImCNRVyIDdXX9OsXDm89ToynKgqUKlo=
-github.com/minio/minlz v1.0.0 h1:Kj7aJZ1//LlTP1DM8Jm7lNKvvJS2m74gyyXXn3+uJWQ=
-github.com/minio/minlz v1.0.0/go.mod h1:qT0aEB35q79LLornSzeDH75LBf3aH1MV+jB5w9Wasec=
+github.com/minio/minlz v1.0.1 h1:OUZUzXcib8diiX+JYxyRLIdomyZYzHct6EShOKtQY2A=
+github.com/minio/minlz v1.0.1/go.mod h1:qT0aEB35q79LLornSzeDH75LBf3aH1MV+jB5w9Wasec=
 github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0/go.mod h1:SfyaCUpYCn1Vlf4IUYiD9fPX4A5wJrkLzIz1N1q0pr0=
 github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.1.2/go.mod h1:FVVH3fgwuzCH5S8UJGiWEs2h04kUh9fWfEaFds41c1Y=
 github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0 h1:jeMsZIYE/09sWLaz43PL7Gy6RuMjD2eJVyuac5Z2hdY=
@ -610,8 +610,8 @@ github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 h1:C3w9PqII01/Oq
 github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822/go.mod h1:+n7T8mK8HuQTcFwEeznm/DIxMOiR9yIdICNftLE1DvQ=
 github.com/niklasfasching/go-org v1.9.1 h1:/3s4uTPOF06pImGa2Yvlp24yKXZoTYM+nsIlMzfpg/0=
 github.com/niklasfasching/go-org v1.9.1/go.mod h1:ZAGFFkWvUQcpazmi/8nHqwvARpr1xpb+Es67oUGX/48=
-github.com/nwaples/rardecode/v2 v2.1.0 h1:JQl9ZoBPDy+nIZGb1mx8+anfHp/LV3NE2MjMiv0ct/U=
-github.com/nwaples/rardecode/v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:7uz379lSxPe6j9nvzxUZ+n7mnJNgjsRNb6IbvGVHRmw=
+github.com/nwaples/rardecode/v2 v2.2.0 h1:4ufPGHiNe1rYJxYfehALLjup4Ls3ck42CWwjKiOqu0A=
+github.com/nwaples/rardecode/v2 v2.2.0/go.mod h1:7uz379lSxPe6j9nvzxUZ+n7mnJNgjsRNb6IbvGVHRmw=
 github.com/nxadm/tail v1.4.4/go.mod h1:kenIhsEOeOJmVchQTgglprH7qJGnHDVpk1VPCcaMI8A=
 github.com/nxadm/tail v1.4.8 h1:nPr65rt6Y5JFSKQO7qToXr7pePgD6Gwiw05lkbyAQTE=
 github.com/nxadm/tail v1.4.8/go.mod h1:+ncqLTQzXmGhMZNUePPaPqPvBxHAIsmXswZKocGu+AU=
@ -714,9 +714,11 @@ github.com/smartystreets/assertions v1.1.1/go.mod h1:tcbTF8ujkAEcZ8TElKY+i30BzYl
 github.com/smartystreets/goconvey v0.0.0-20181108003508-044398e4856c/go.mod h1:XDJAKZRPZ1CvBcN2aX5YOUTYGHki24fSF0Iv48Ibg0s=
 github.com/smartystreets/goconvey v0.0.0-20190731233626-505e41936337 h1:WN9BUFbdyOsSH/XohnWpXOlq9NBD5sGAB2FciQMUEe8=
 github.com/smartystreets/goconvey v0.0.0-20190731233626-505e41936337/go.mod h1:syvi0/a8iFYH4r/RixwvyeAJjdLS9QV7WQ/tjFTllLA=
-github.com/sorairolake/lzip-go v0.3.5 h1:ms5Xri9o1JBIWvOFAorYtUNik6HI3HgBTkISiqu0Cwg=
-github.com/sorairolake/lzip-go v0.3.5/go.mod h1:N0KYq5iWrMXI0ZEXKXaS9hCyOjZUQdBDEIbXfoUwbdk=
+github.com/sorairolake/lzip-go v0.3.8 h1:j5Q2313INdTA80ureWYRhX+1K78mUXfMoPZCw/ivWik=
+github.com/sorairolake/lzip-go v0.3.8/go.mod h1:JcBqGMV0frlxwrsE9sMWXDjqn3EeVf0/54YPsw66qkU=
 github.com/spf13/afero v1.1.2/go.mod h1:j4pytiNVoe2o6bmDsKpLACNPDBIoEAkihy7loJ1B0CQ=
+github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0 h1:b/YBCLWAJdFWJTN9cLhiXXcD7mzKn9Dm86dNnfyQw1I=
+github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0/go.mod h1:NC2ByUVxtQs4b3sIUphxK0NioZnmxgyCrfzeuq8lxMg=
 github.com/spf13/cast v1.3.0/go.mod h1:Qx5cxh0v+4UWYiBimWS+eyWzqEqokIECu5etghLkUJE=
 github.com/spf13/cobra v0.0.5/go.mod h1:3K3wKZymM7VvHMDS9+Akkh4K60UwM26emMESw8tLCHU=
 github.com/spf13/jwalterweatherman v1.0.0/go.mod h1:cQK4TGJAtQXfYWX+Ddv3mKDzgVb68N+wFjFa4jdeBTo=
@ -729,6 +731,7 @@ github.com/steveyen/gtreap v0.1.0/go.mod h1:kl/5J7XbrOmlIbYIXdRHDDE5QxHqpk0cmkT7
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.1.0/go.mod h1:HFkY916IF+rwdDfMAkV7OtwuqBVzrE8GR6GFx+wExME=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.4.0/go.mod h1:YvHI0jy2hoMjB+UWwv71VJQ9isScKT/TqJzVSSt89Yw=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.0/go.mod h1:Yh+to48EsGEfYuaHDzXPcE3xhTkx73EhmCGUpEOglKo=
+github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2 h1:xuMeJ0Sdp5ZMRXx/aWO6RZxdr3beISkG5/G/aIRr3pY=
 github.com/stretchr/objx v0.5.2/go.mod h1:FRsXN1f5AsAjCGJKqEizvkpNtU+EGNCLh3NxZ/8L+MA=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.2.2/go.mod h1:a8OnRcib4nhh0OaRAV+Yts87kKdq0PP7pXfy6kDkUVs=
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.3.0/go.mod h1:M5WIy9Dh21IEIfnGCwXGc5bZfKNJtfHm1UVUgZn+9EI=
@ -765,8 +768,8 @@ github.com/urfave/cli/v3 v3.4.1/go.mod h1:FJSKtM/9AiiTOJL4fJ6TbMUkxBXn7GO9guZqoZ
 github.com/valyala/fastjson v1.6.4 h1:uAUNq9Z6ymTgGhcm0UynUAB6tlbakBrz6CQFax3BXVQ=
 github.com/valyala/fastjson v1.6.4/go.mod h1:CLCAqky6SMuOcxStkYQvblddUtoRxhYMGLrsQns1aXY=
 github.com/willf/bitset v1.1.10/go.mod h1:RjeCKbqT1RxIR/KWY6phxZiaY1IyutSBfGjNPySAYV4=
-github.com/wneessen/go-mail v0.7.1 h1:rvy63sp14N06/kdGqCYwW8Na5gDCXjTQM1E7So4PuKk=
-github.com/wneessen/go-mail v0.7.1/go.mod h1:+TkW6QP3EVkgTEqHtVmnAE/1MRhmzb8Y9/W3pweuS+k=
+github.com/wneessen/go-mail v0.7.2 h1:xxPnhZ6IZLSgxShebmZ6DPKh1b6OJcoHfzy7UjOkzS8=
+github.com/wneessen/go-mail v0.7.2/go.mod h1:+TkW6QP3EVkgTEqHtVmnAE/1MRhmzb8Y9/W3pweuS+k=
 github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 h1:qLwI1I70+NjRFUR3zs1JPUCgaCXSh3SW62uAKT1mSBM=
 github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4/go.mod h1:14CWIYCyZA/cWjXOioeEpHeN/83MdbZDRQHoFcYsOfg=
 github.com/xanzy/ssh-agent v0.3.3 h1:+/15pJfg/RsTxqYcX6fHqOXZwwMP+2VyYWJeWM2qQFM=
@ -837,8 +840,8 @@ golang.org/x/crypto v0.19.0/go.mod h1:Iy9bg/ha4yyC70EfRS8jz+B6ybOBKMaSxLj6P6oBDf
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.23.0/go.mod h1:CKFgDieR+mRhux2Lsu27y0fO304Db0wZe70UKqHu0v8=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.31.0/go.mod h1:kDsLvtWBEx7MV9tJOj9bnXsPbxwJQ6csT/x4KIN4Ssk=
 golang.org/x/crypto v0.32.0/go.mod h1:ZnnJkOaASj8g0AjIduWNlq2NRxL0PlBrbKVyZ6V/Ugc=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.41.0 h1:WKYxWedPGCTVVl5+WHSSrOBT0O8lx32+zxmHxijgXp4=
-golang.org/x/crypto v0.41.0/go.mod h1:pO5AFd7FA68rFak7rOAGVuygIISepHftHnr8dr6+sUc=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.42.0 h1:chiH31gIWm57EkTXpwnqf8qeuMUi0yekh6mT2AvFlqI=
+golang.org/x/crypto v0.42.0/go.mod h1:4+rDnOTJhQCx2q7/j6rAN5XDw8kPjeaXEUR2eL94ix8=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190121172915-509febef88a4/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190306152737-a1d7652674e8/go.mod h1:CJ0aWSM057203Lf6IL+f9T1iT9GByDxfZKAQTCR3kQA=
 golang.org/x/exp v0.0.0-20190510132918-efd6b22b2522/go.mod h1:ZjyILWgesfNpC6sMxTJOJm9Kp84zZh5NQWvqDGG3Qr8=
@ -875,8 +878,8 @@ golang.org/x/mod v0.8.0/go.mod h1:iBbtSCu2XBx23ZKBPSOrRkjjQPZFPuis4dIYUhu/chs=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.12.0/go.mod h1:iBbtSCu2XBx23ZKBPSOrRkjjQPZFPuis4dIYUhu/chs=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.15.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.17.0/go.mod h1:hTbmBsO62+eylJbnUtE2MGJUyE7QWk4xUqPFrRgJ+7c=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0 h1:kb+q2PyFnEADO2IEF935ehFUXlWiNjJWtRNgBLSfbxQ=
-golang.org/x/mod v0.27.0/go.mod h1:rWI627Fq0DEoudcK+MBkNkCe0EetEaDSwJJkCcjpazc=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.28.0 h1:gQBtGhjxykdjY9YhZpSlZIsbnaE2+PgjfLWUQTnoZ1U=
+golang.org/x/mod v0.28.0/go.mod h1:yfB/L0NOf/kmEbXjzCPOx1iK1fRutOydrCMsqRhEBxI=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180724234803-3673e40ba225/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180826012351-8a410e7b638d/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
 golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20180906233101-161cd47e91fd/go.mod h1:mL1N/T3taQHkDXs73rZJwtUhF3w3ftmwwsq0BUmARs4=
@ -905,8 +908,8 @@ golang.org/x/net v0.15.0/go.mod h1:idbUs1IY1+zTqbi8yxTbhexhEEk5ur9LInksu6HrEpk=
 golang.org/x/net v0.21.0/go.mod h1:bIjVDfnllIU7BJ2DNgfnXvpSvtn8VRwhlsaeUTyUS44=
 golang.org/x/net v0.25.0/go.mod h1:JkAGAh7GEvH74S6FOH42FLoXpXbE/aqXSrIQjXgsiwM=
 golang.org/x/net v0.33.0/go.mod h1:HXLR5J+9DxmrqMwG9qjGCxZ+zKXxBru04zlTvWlWuN4=
-golang.org/x/net v0.43.0 h1:lat02VYK2j4aLzMzecihNvTlJNQUq316m2Mr9rnM6YE=
-golang.org/x/net v0.43.0/go.mod h1:vhO1fvI4dGsIjh73sWfUVjj3N7CA9WkKJNQm2svM6Jg=
+golang.org/x/net v0.44.0 h1:evd8IRDyfNBMBTTY5XRF1vaZlD+EmWx6x8PkhR04H/I=
+golang.org/x/net v0.44.0/go.mod h1:ECOoLqd5U3Lhyeyo/QDCEVQ4sNgYsqvCZ722XogGieY=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20180821212333-d2e6202438be/go.mod h1:N/0e6XlmueqKjAGxoOufVs8QHGRruUQn6yWY3a++T0U=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190226205417-e64efc72b421/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
 golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20190604053449-0f29369cfe45/go.mod h1:gOpvHmFTYa4IltrdGE7lF6nIHvwfUNPOp7c8zoXwtLw=
@ -972,8 +975,8 @@ golang.org/x/sys v0.17.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.20.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.28.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.29.0/go.mod h1:/VUhepiaJMQUp4+oa/7Zr1D23ma6VTLIYjOOTFZPUcA=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0 h1:vz1N37gP5bs89s7He8XuIYXpyY0+QlsKmzipCbUtyxI=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.35.0/go.mod h1:BJP2sWEmIv4KK5OTEluFJCKSidICx8ciO85XgH3Ak8k=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.37.0 h1:fdNQudmxPjkdUTPnLn5mdQv7Zwvbvpaxqs831goi9kQ=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.37.0/go.mod h1:OgkHotnGiDImocRcuBABYBEXf8A9a87e/uXjp9XT3ks=
 golang.org/x/telemetry v0.0.0-20240228155512-f48c80bd79b2/go.mod h1:TeRTkGYfJXctD9OcfyVLyj2J3IxLnKwHJR8f4D8a3YE=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20201126162022-7de9c90e9dd1/go.mod h1:bj7SfCRtBDWHUb9snDiAeCFNEtKQo2Wmx5Cou7ajbmo=
 golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20210927222741-03fcf44c2211/go.mod h1:jbD1KX2456YbFQfuXm/mYQcufACuNUgVhRMnK/tPxf8=
@ -984,8 +987,8 @@ golang.org/x/term v0.17.0/go.mod h1:lLRBjIVuehSbZlaOtGMbcMncT+aqLLLmKrsjNrUguwk=
 golang.org/x/term v0.20.0/go.mod h1:8UkIAJTvZgivsXaD6/pH6U9ecQzZ45awqEOzuCvwpFY=
 golang.org/x/term v0.27.0/go.mod h1:iMsnZpn0cago0GOrHO2+Y7u7JPn5AylBrcoWkElMTSM=
 golang.org/x/term v0.28.0/go.mod h1:Sw/lC2IAUZ92udQNf3WodGtn4k/XoLyZoh8v/8uiwek=
-golang.org/x/term v0.34.0 h1:O/2T7POpk0ZZ7MAzMeWFSg6S5IpWd/RXDlM9hgM3DR4=
-golang.org/x/term v0.34.0/go.mod h1:5jC53AEywhIVebHgPVeg0mj8OD3VO9OzclacVrqpaAw=
+golang.org/x/term v0.35.0 h1:bZBVKBudEyhRcajGcNc3jIfWPqV4y/Kt2XcoigOWtDQ=
+golang.org/x/term v0.35.0/go.mod h1:TPGtkTLesOwf2DE8CgVYiZinHAOuy5AYUYT1lENIZnA=
 golang.org/x/text v0.0.0-20170915032832-14c0d48ead0c/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.1-0.20180807135948-17ff2d5776d2/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
@ -999,8 +1002,8 @@ golang.org/x/text v0.13.0/go.mod h1:TvPlkZtksWOMsz7fbANvkp4WM8x/WCo/om8BMLbz+aE=
 golang.org/x/text v0.14.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/text v0.15.0/go.mod h1:18ZOQIKpY8NJVqYksKHtTdi31H5itFRjB5/qKTNYzSU=
 golang.org/x/text v0.21.0/go.mod h1:4IBbMaMmOPCJ8SecivzSH54+73PCFmPWxNTLm+vZkEQ=
-golang.org/x/text v0.29.0 h1:1neNs90w9YzJ9BocxfsQNHKuAT4pkghyXc4nhZ6sJvk=
-golang.org/x/text v0.29.0/go.mod h1:7MhJOA9CD2qZyOKYazxdYMF85OwPdEr9jTtBpO7ydH4=
+golang.org/x/text v0.30.0 h1:yznKA/E9zq54KzlzBEAWn1NXSQ8DIp/NYMy88xJjl4k=
+golang.org/x/text v0.30.0/go.mod h1:yDdHFIX9t+tORqspjENWgzaCVXgk0yYnYuSZ8UzzBVM=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20181108054448-85acf8d2951c/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20190308202827-9d24e82272b4/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.12.0 h1:ScB/8o8olJvc+CQPWrK3fPZNfh7qgwCrY0zJmoEQLSE=
@ -1036,8 +1039,8 @@ golang.org/x/tools v0.1.12/go.mod h1:hNGJHUnrk76NpqgfD5Aqm5Crs+Hm0VOH/i9J2+nxYbc
 golang.org/x/tools v0.6.0/go.mod h1:Xwgl3UAJ/d3gWutnCtw505GrjyAbvKui8lOU390QaIU=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.13.0/go.mod h1:HvlwmtVNQAhOuCjW7xxvovg8wbNq7LwfXh/k7wXUl58=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.21.1-0.20240508182429-e35e4ccd0d2d/go.mod h1:aiJjzUbINMkxbQROHiO6hDPo2LHcIPhhQsa9DLh0yGk=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0 h1:kWS0uv/zsvHEle1LbV5LE8QujrxB3wfQyxHfhOk0Qkg=
-golang.org/x/tools v0.36.0/go.mod h1:WBDiHKJK8YgLHlcQPYQzNCkUxUypCaa5ZegCVutKm+s=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.37.0 h1:DVSRzp7FwePZW356yEAChSdNcQo6Nsp+fex1SUW09lE=
+golang.org/x/tools v0.37.0/go.mod h1:MBN5QPQtLMHVdvsbtarmTNukZDdgwdwlO5qGacAzF0w=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20190717185122-a985d3407aa7/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191011141410-1b5146add898/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
 golang.org/x/xerrors v0.0.0-20191204190536-9bdfabe68543/go.mod h1:I/5z698sn9Ka8TeJc9MKroUUfqBBauWjQqLJ2OPfmY0=
--- a/main.go
+++ b/main.go
@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ func main() {
 	}
 	app := cmd.NewMainApp(cmd.AppVersion{Version: Version, Extra: formatBuiltWith()})
 	_ = cmd.RunMainApp(app, os.Args...) // all errors should have been handled by the RunMainApp
+	// flush the queued logs before exiting, it is a MUST, otherwise there will be log loss
 	log.GetManager().Close()
 }

--- a/models/actions/run.go
+++ b/models/actions/run.go
@ -16,13 +16,13 @@ import (
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/json"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	api "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 	webhook_module "code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/webhook"

-	"github.com/nektos/act/pkg/jobparser"
 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )

@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import (
 type ActionRun struct {
 	ID                int64
 	Title             string
-	RepoID            int64                  `xorm:"index unique(repo_index)"`
+	RepoID            int64                  `xorm:"unique(repo_index) index(repo_concurrency)"`
 	Repo              *repo_model.Repository `xorm:"-"`
 	OwnerID           int64                  `xorm:"index"`
 	WorkflowID        string                 `xorm:"index"`                    // the name of workflow file
@ -49,6 +49,9 @@ type ActionRun struct {
 	TriggerEvent      string                       // the trigger event defined in the `on` configuration of the triggered workflow
 	Status            Status                       `xorm:"index"`
 	Version           int                          `xorm:"version default 0"` // Status could be updated concomitantly, so an optimistic lock is needed
+	RawConcurrency    string                       // raw concurrency
+	ConcurrencyGroup  string                       `xorm:"index(repo_concurrency) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''"`
+	ConcurrencyCancel bool                         `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE"`
 	// Started and Stopped is used for recording last run time, if rerun happened, they will be reset to 0
 	Started timeutil.TimeStamp
 	Stopped timeutil.TimeStamp
@ -102,6 +105,15 @@ func (run *ActionRun) PrettyRef() string {
 	return refName.ShortName()
 }

+// RefTooltip return a tooltop of run's ref. For pull request, it's the title of the PR, otherwise it's the ShortName.
+func (run *ActionRun) RefTooltip() string {
+	payload, err := run.GetPullRequestEventPayload()
+	if err == nil && payload != nil && payload.PullRequest != nil {
+		return payload.PullRequest.Title
+	}
+	return git.RefName(run.Ref).ShortName()
+}
+
 // LoadAttributes load Repo TriggerUser if not loaded
 func (run *ActionRun) LoadAttributes(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if run == nil {
@ -181,7 +193,7 @@ func (run *ActionRun) IsSchedule() bool {
 	return run.ScheduleID > 0
 }

-func updateRepoRunsNumbers(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository) error {
+func UpdateRepoRunsNumbers(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository) error {
 	_, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(repo.ID).
 		NoAutoTime().
 		SetExpr("num_action_runs",
@ -238,116 +250,62 @@ func CancelPreviousJobs(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, ref, workflowID strin
 			return cancelledJobs, err
 		}

-		// Iterate over each job and attempt to cancel it.
-		for _, job := range jobs {
-			// Skip jobs that are already in a terminal state (completed, cancelled, etc.).
-			status := job.Status
-			if status.IsDone() {
-				continue
-			}
-
-			// If the job has no associated task (probably an error), set its status to 'Cancelled' and stop it.
-			if job.TaskID == 0 {
-				job.Status = StatusCancelled
-				job.Stopped = timeutil.TimeStampNow()
-
-				// Update the job's status and stopped time in the database.
-				n, err := UpdateRunJob(ctx, job, builder.Eq{"task_id": 0}, "status", "stopped")
-				if err != nil {
-					return cancelledJobs, err
-				}
-
-				// If the update affected 0 rows, it means the job has changed in the meantime, so we need to try again.
-				if n == 0 {
-					return cancelledJobs, errors.New("job has changed, try again")
-				}
-
-				cancelledJobs = append(cancelledJobs, job)
-				// Continue with the next job.
-				continue
-			}
-
-			// If the job has an associated task, try to stop the task, effectively cancelling the job.
-			if err := StopTask(ctx, job.TaskID, StatusCancelled); err != nil {
-				return cancelledJobs, err
-			}
-			cancelledJobs = append(cancelledJobs, job)
+		cjs, err := CancelJobs(ctx, jobs)
+		if err != nil {
+			return cancelledJobs, err
 		}
+		cancelledJobs = append(cancelledJobs, cjs...)
 	}

 	// Return nil to indicate successful cancellation of all running and waiting jobs.
 	return cancelledJobs, nil
 }

-// InsertRun inserts a run
-// The title will be cut off at 255 characters if it's longer than 255 characters.
-func InsertRun(ctx context.Context, run *ActionRun, jobs []*jobparser.SingleWorkflow) error {
-	return db.WithTx(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) error {
-		index, err := db.GetNextResourceIndex(ctx, "action_run_index", run.RepoID)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		run.Index = index
-		run.Title = util.EllipsisDisplayString(run.Title, 255)
-
-		if err := db.Insert(ctx, run); err != nil {
-			return err
+func CancelJobs(ctx context.Context, jobs []*ActionRunJob) ([]*ActionRunJob, error) {
+	cancelledJobs := make([]*ActionRunJob, 0, len(jobs))
+	// Iterate over each job and attempt to cancel it.
+	for _, job := range jobs {
+		// Skip jobs that are already in a terminal state (completed, cancelled, etc.).
+		status := job.Status
+		if status.IsDone() {
+			continue
 		}

-		if run.Repo == nil {
-			repo, err := repo_model.GetRepositoryByID(ctx, run.RepoID)
+		// If the job has no associated task (probably an error), set its status to 'Cancelled' and stop it.
+		if job.TaskID == 0 {
+			job.Status = StatusCancelled
+			job.Stopped = timeutil.TimeStampNow()
+
+			// Update the job's status and stopped time in the database.
+			n, err := UpdateRunJob(ctx, job, builder.Eq{"task_id": 0}, "status", "stopped")
 			if err != nil {
-				return err
+				return cancelledJobs, err
 			}
-			run.Repo = repo
+
+			// If the update affected 0 rows, it means the job has changed in the meantime
+			if n == 0 {
+				log.Error("Failed to cancel job %d because it has changed", job.ID)
+				continue
+			}
+
+			cancelledJobs = append(cancelledJobs, job)
+			// Continue with the next job.
+			continue
 		}

-		if err := updateRepoRunsNumbers(ctx, run.Repo); err != nil {
-			return err
+		// If the job has an associated task, try to stop the task, effectively cancelling the job.
+		if err := StopTask(ctx, job.TaskID, StatusCancelled); err != nil {
+			return cancelledJobs, err
 		}
+		updatedJob, err := GetRunJobByID(ctx, job.ID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return cancelledJobs, fmt.Errorf("get job: %w", err)
+		}
+		cancelledJobs = append(cancelledJobs, updatedJob)
+	}

-		runJobs := make([]*ActionRunJob, 0, len(jobs))
-		var hasWaiting bool
-		for _, v := range jobs {
-			id, job := v.Job()
-			needs := job.Needs()
-			if err := v.SetJob(id, job.EraseNeeds()); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			payload, _ := v.Marshal()
-			status := StatusWaiting
-			if len(needs) > 0 || run.NeedApproval {
-				status = StatusBlocked
-			} else {
-				hasWaiting = true
-			}
-			job.Name = util.EllipsisDisplayString(job.Name, 255)
-			runJobs = append(runJobs, &ActionRunJob{
-				RunID:             run.ID,
-				RepoID:            run.RepoID,
-				OwnerID:           run.OwnerID,
-				CommitSHA:         run.CommitSHA,
-				IsForkPullRequest: run.IsForkPullRequest,
-				Name:              job.Name,
-				WorkflowPayload:   payload,
-				JobID:             id,
-				Needs:             needs,
-				RunsOn:            job.RunsOn(),
-				Status:            status,
-			})
-		}
-		if err := db.Insert(ctx, runJobs); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		// if there is a job in the waiting status, increase tasks version.
-		if hasWaiting {
-			if err := IncreaseTaskVersion(ctx, run.OwnerID, run.RepoID); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		}
-		return nil
-	})
+	// Return nil to indicate successful cancellation of all running and waiting jobs.
+	return cancelledJobs, nil
 }

 func GetRunByRepoAndID(ctx context.Context, repoID, runID int64) (*ActionRun, error) {
@ -432,7 +390,7 @@ func UpdateRun(ctx context.Context, run *ActionRun, cols ...string) error {
 		if err = run.LoadRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if err := updateRepoRunsNumbers(ctx, run.Repo); err != nil {
+		if err := UpdateRepoRunsNumbers(ctx, run.Repo); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
@ -441,3 +399,59 @@ func UpdateRun(ctx context.Context, run *ActionRun, cols ...string) error {
 }

 type ActionRunIndex db.ResourceIndex
+
+func GetConcurrentRunsAndJobs(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, concurrencyGroup string, status []Status) ([]*ActionRun, []*ActionRunJob, error) {
+	runs, err := db.Find[ActionRun](ctx, &FindRunOptions{
+		RepoID:           repoID,
+		ConcurrencyGroup: concurrencyGroup,
+		Status:           status,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("find runs: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	jobs, err := db.Find[ActionRunJob](ctx, &FindRunJobOptions{
+		RepoID:           repoID,
+		ConcurrencyGroup: concurrencyGroup,
+		Statuses:         status,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("find jobs: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return runs, jobs, nil
+}
+
+func CancelPreviousJobsByRunConcurrency(ctx context.Context, actionRun *ActionRun) ([]*ActionRunJob, error) {
+	if actionRun.ConcurrencyGroup == "" {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	var jobsToCancel []*ActionRunJob
+
+	statusFindOption := []Status{StatusWaiting, StatusBlocked}
+	if actionRun.ConcurrencyCancel {
+		statusFindOption = append(statusFindOption, StatusRunning)
+	}
+	runs, jobs, err := GetConcurrentRunsAndJobs(ctx, actionRun.RepoID, actionRun.ConcurrencyGroup, statusFindOption)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("find concurrent runs and jobs: %w", err)
+	}
+	jobsToCancel = append(jobsToCancel, jobs...)
+
+	// cancel runs in the same concurrency group
+	for _, run := range runs {
+		if run.ID == actionRun.ID {
+			continue
+		}
+		jobs, err := db.Find[ActionRunJob](ctx, FindRunJobOptions{
+			RunID: run.ID,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("find run %d jobs: %w", run.ID, err)
+		}
+		jobsToCancel = append(jobsToCancel, jobs...)
+	}
+
+	return CancelJobs(ctx, jobsToCancel)
+}
--- a/models/actions/run_job.go
+++ b/models/actions/run_job.go
@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"

+	"github.com/nektos/act/pkg/jobparser"
 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )

@ -22,23 +23,38 @@ type ActionRunJob struct {
 	ID                int64
 	RunID             int64                  `xorm:"index"`
 	Run               *ActionRun             `xorm:"-"`
-	RepoID            int64                  `xorm:"index"`
+	RepoID            int64                  `xorm:"index(repo_concurrency)"`
 	Repo              *repo_model.Repository `xorm:"-"`
 	OwnerID           int64                  `xorm:"index"`
 	CommitSHA         string                 `xorm:"index"`
 	IsForkPullRequest bool
 	Name              string `xorm:"VARCHAR(255)"`
 	Attempt           int64
-	WorkflowPayload   []byte
-	JobID             string   `xorm:"VARCHAR(255)"` // job id in workflow, not job's id
-	Needs             []string `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
-	RunsOn            []string `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
-	TaskID            int64    // the latest task of the job
-	Status            Status   `xorm:"index"`
-	Started           timeutil.TimeStamp
-	Stopped           timeutil.TimeStamp
-	Created           timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"created"`
-	Updated           timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"updated index"`
+
+	// WorkflowPayload is act/jobparser.SingleWorkflow for act/jobparser.Parse
+	// it should contain exactly one job with global workflow fields for this model
+	WorkflowPayload []byte
+
+	JobID  string   `xorm:"VARCHAR(255)"` // job id in workflow, not job's id
+	Needs  []string `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
+	RunsOn []string `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
+	TaskID int64    // the latest task of the job
+	Status Status   `xorm:"index"`
+
+	RawConcurrency string // raw concurrency from job YAML's "concurrency" section
+
+	// IsConcurrencyEvaluated is only valid/needed when this job's RawConcurrency is not empty.
+	// If RawConcurrency can't be evaluated (e.g. depend on other job's outputs or have errors), this field will be false.
+	// If RawConcurrency has been successfully evaluated, this field will be true, ConcurrencyGroup and ConcurrencyCancel are also set.
+	IsConcurrencyEvaluated bool
+
+	ConcurrencyGroup  string `xorm:"index(repo_concurrency) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''"` // evaluated concurrency.group
+	ConcurrencyCancel bool   `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE"`                      // evaluated concurrency.cancel-in-progress
+
+	Started timeutil.TimeStamp
+	Stopped timeutil.TimeStamp
+	Created timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"created"`
+	Updated timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"updated index"`
 }

 func init() {
@ -84,6 +100,24 @@ func (job *ActionRunJob) LoadAttributes(ctx context.Context) error {
 	return job.Run.LoadAttributes(ctx)
 }

+// ParseJob parses the job structure from the ActionRunJob.WorkflowPayload
+func (job *ActionRunJob) ParseJob() (*jobparser.Job, error) {
+	// job.WorkflowPayload is a SingleWorkflow created from an ActionRun's workflow, which exactly contains this job's YAML definition.
+	// Ideally it shouldn't be called "Workflow", it is just a job with global workflow fields + trigger
+	parsedWorkflows, err := jobparser.Parse(job.WorkflowPayload)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("job %d single workflow: unable to parse: %w", job.ID, err)
+	} else if len(parsedWorkflows) != 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("job %d single workflow: not single workflow", job.ID)
+	}
+	_, workflowJob := parsedWorkflows[0].Job()
+	if workflowJob == nil {
+		// it shouldn't happen, and since the callers don't check nil, so return an error instead of nil
+		return nil, util.ErrorWrap(util.ErrNotExist, "job %d single workflow: payload doesn't contain a job", job.ID)
+	}
+	return workflowJob, nil
+}
+
 func GetRunJobByID(ctx context.Context, id int64) (*ActionRunJob, error) {
 	var job ActionRunJob
 	has, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("id=?", id).Get(&job)
@ -125,7 +159,7 @@ func UpdateRunJob(ctx context.Context, job *ActionRunJob, cond builder.Cond, col
 		return affected, nil
 	}

-	if affected != 0 && slices.Contains(cols, "status") && job.Status.IsWaiting() {
+	if slices.Contains(cols, "status") && job.Status.IsWaiting() {
 		// if the status of job changes to waiting again, increase tasks version.
 		if err := IncreaseTaskVersion(ctx, job.OwnerID, job.RepoID); err != nil {
 			return 0, err
@ -197,3 +231,39 @@ func AggregateJobStatus(jobs []*ActionRunJob) Status {
 		return StatusUnknown // it shouldn't happen
 	}
 }
+
+func CancelPreviousJobsByJobConcurrency(ctx context.Context, job *ActionRunJob) (jobsToCancel []*ActionRunJob, _ error) {
+	if job.RawConcurrency == "" {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	if !job.IsConcurrencyEvaluated {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	if job.ConcurrencyGroup == "" {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	statusFindOption := []Status{StatusWaiting, StatusBlocked}
+	if job.ConcurrencyCancel {
+		statusFindOption = append(statusFindOption, StatusRunning)
+	}
+	runs, jobs, err := GetConcurrentRunsAndJobs(ctx, job.RepoID, job.ConcurrencyGroup, statusFindOption)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("find concurrent runs and jobs: %w", err)
+	}
+	jobs = slices.DeleteFunc(jobs, func(j *ActionRunJob) bool { return j.ID == job.ID })
+	jobsToCancel = append(jobsToCancel, jobs...)
+
+	// cancel runs in the same concurrency group
+	for _, run := range runs {
+		jobs, err := db.Find[ActionRunJob](ctx, FindRunJobOptions{
+			RunID: run.ID,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("find run %d jobs: %w", run.ID, err)
+		}
+		jobsToCancel = append(jobsToCancel, jobs...)
+	}
+
+	return CancelJobs(ctx, jobsToCancel)
+}
--- a/models/actions/run_job_list.go
+++ b/models/actions/run_job_list.go
@ -69,12 +69,13 @@ func (jobs ActionJobList) LoadAttributes(ctx context.Context, withRepo bool) err

 type FindRunJobOptions struct {
 	db.ListOptions
-	RunID         int64
-	RepoID        int64
-	OwnerID       int64
-	CommitSHA     string
-	Statuses      []Status
-	UpdatedBefore timeutil.TimeStamp
+	RunID            int64
+	RepoID           int64
+	OwnerID          int64
+	CommitSHA        string
+	Statuses         []Status
+	UpdatedBefore    timeutil.TimeStamp
+	ConcurrencyGroup string
 }

 func (opts FindRunJobOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
@ -94,6 +95,12 @@ func (opts FindRunJobOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
 	if opts.UpdatedBefore > 0 {
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Lt{"`action_run_job`.updated": opts.UpdatedBefore})
 	}
+	if opts.ConcurrencyGroup != "" {
+		if opts.RepoID == 0 {
+			panic("Invalid FindRunJobOptions: repo_id is required")
+		}
+		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"`action_run_job`.concurrency_group": opts.ConcurrencyGroup})
+	}
 	return cond
 }

--- a/models/actions/run_list.go
+++ b/models/actions/run_list.go
@ -64,15 +64,16 @@ func (runs RunList) LoadRepos(ctx context.Context) error {

 type FindRunOptions struct {
 	db.ListOptions
-	RepoID        int64
-	OwnerID       int64
-	WorkflowID    string
-	Ref           string // the commit/tag/… that caused this workflow
-	TriggerUserID int64
-	TriggerEvent  webhook_module.HookEventType
-	Approved      bool // not util.OptionalBool, it works only when it's true
-	Status        []Status
-	CommitSHA     string
+	RepoID           int64
+	OwnerID          int64
+	WorkflowID       string
+	Ref              string // the commit/tag/… that caused this workflow
+	TriggerUserID    int64
+	TriggerEvent     webhook_module.HookEventType
+	Approved         bool // not util.OptionalBool, it works only when it's true
+	Status           []Status
+	ConcurrencyGroup string
+	CommitSHA        string
 }

 func (opts FindRunOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
@ -101,6 +102,12 @@ func (opts FindRunOptions) ToConds() builder.Cond {
 	if opts.CommitSHA != "" {
 		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"`action_run`.commit_sha": opts.CommitSHA})
 	}
+	if len(opts.ConcurrencyGroup) > 0 {
+		if opts.RepoID == 0 {
+			panic("Invalid FindRunOptions: repo_id is required")
+		}
+		cond = cond.And(builder.Eq{"`action_run`.concurrency_group": opts.ConcurrencyGroup})
+	}
 	return cond
 }

--- a/models/actions/runner.go
+++ b/models/actions/runner.go
@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/shared/types"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/optional"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
@ -173,6 +174,13 @@ func (r *ActionRunner) GenerateToken() (err error) {
 	return err
 }

+// CanMatchLabels checks whether the runner's labels can match a job's "runs-on"
+// See https://docs.github.com/en/actions/reference/workflows-and-actions/workflow-syntax#jobsjob_idruns-on
+func (r *ActionRunner) CanMatchLabels(jobRunsOn []string) bool {
+	runnerLabelSet := container.SetOf(r.AgentLabels...)
+	return runnerLabelSet.Contains(jobRunsOn...) // match all labels
+}
+
 func init() {
 	db.RegisterModel(&ActionRunner{})
 }
--- a/models/actions/task.go
+++ b/models/actions/task.go
@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 	auth_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/auth"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unit"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
@ -21,7 +20,6 @@ import (

 	runnerv1 "code.gitea.io/actions-proto-go/runner/v1"
 	lru "github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru/v2"
-	"github.com/nektos/act/pkg/jobparser"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )
@ -246,7 +244,7 @@ func CreateTaskForRunner(ctx context.Context, runner *ActionRunner) (*ActionTask
 	var job *ActionRunJob
 	log.Trace("runner labels: %v", runner.AgentLabels)
 	for _, v := range jobs {
-		if isSubset(runner.AgentLabels, v.RunsOn) {
+		if runner.CanMatchLabels(v.RunsOn) {
 			job = v
 			break
 		}
@ -278,13 +276,10 @@ func CreateTaskForRunner(ctx context.Context, runner *ActionRunner) (*ActionTask
 		return nil, false, err
 	}

-	parsedWorkflows, err := jobparser.Parse(job.WorkflowPayload)
+	workflowJob, err := job.ParseJob()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("parse workflow of job %d: %w", job.ID, err)
-	} else if len(parsedWorkflows) != 1 {
-		return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("workflow of job %d: not single workflow", job.ID)
+		return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("load job %d: %w", job.ID, err)
 	}
-	_, workflowJob := parsedWorkflows[0].Job()

 	if _, err := e.Insert(task); err != nil {
 		return nil, false, err
@ -479,20 +474,6 @@ func FindOldTasksToExpire(ctx context.Context, olderThan timeutil.TimeStamp, lim
 		Find(&tasks)
 }

-func isSubset(set, subset []string) bool {
-	m := make(container.Set[string], len(set))
-	for _, v := range set {
-		m.Add(v)
-	}
-
-	for _, v := range subset {
-		if !m.Contains(v) {
-			return false
-		}
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
 func convertTimestamp(timestamp *timestamppb.Timestamp) timeutil.TimeStamp {
 	if timestamp.GetSeconds() == 0 && timestamp.GetNanos() == 0 {
 		return timeutil.TimeStamp(0)
--- a/models/admin/task.go
+++ b/models/admin/task.go
@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/json"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/migration"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/secret"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
@ -123,17 +124,17 @@ func (task *Task) MigrateConfig() (*migration.MigrateOptions, error) {
 		// decrypt credentials
 		if opts.CloneAddrEncrypted != "" {
 			if opts.CloneAddr, err = secret.DecryptSecret(setting.SecretKey, opts.CloneAddrEncrypted); err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				log.Error("Unable to decrypt CloneAddr, maybe SECRET_KEY is wrong: %v", err)
 			}
 		}
 		if opts.AuthPasswordEncrypted != "" {
 			if opts.AuthPassword, err = secret.DecryptSecret(setting.SecretKey, opts.AuthPasswordEncrypted); err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				log.Error("Unable to decrypt AuthPassword, maybe SECRET_KEY is wrong: %v", err)
 			}
 		}
 		if opts.AuthTokenEncrypted != "" {
 			if opts.AuthToken, err = secret.DecryptSecret(setting.SecretKey, opts.AuthTokenEncrypted); err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				log.Error("Unable to decrypt AuthToken, maybe SECRET_KEY is wrong: %v", err)
 			}
 		}

--- a/models/asymkey/ssh_key.go
+++ b/models/asymkey/ssh_key.go
@ -67,13 +67,6 @@ func (key *PublicKey) OmitEmail() string {
 	return strings.Join(strings.Split(key.Content, " ")[:2], " ")
 }

-// AuthorizedString returns formatted public key string for authorized_keys file.
-//
-// TODO: Consider dropping this function
-func (key *PublicKey) AuthorizedString() string {
-	return AuthorizedStringForKey(key)
-}
-
 func addKey(ctx context.Context, key *PublicKey) (err error) {
 	if len(key.Fingerprint) == 0 {
 		key.Fingerprint, err = CalcFingerprint(key.Content)
--- a/models/asymkey/ssh_key_authorized_keys.go
+++ b/models/asymkey/ssh_key_authorized_keys.go
@ -17,29 +17,13 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
 )

-//  _____          __  .__                 .__                  .___
-// /  _  \  __ ___/  |_|  |__   ___________|__|_______ ____   __| _/
-// /  /_\  \|  |  \   __\  |  \ /  _ \_  __ \  \___   // __ \ / __ |
-// /    |    \  |  /|  | |   Y  (  <_> )  | \/  |/    /\  ___// /_/ |
-// \____|__  /____/ |__| |___|  /\____/|__|  |__/_____ \\___  >____ |
-//         \/                 \/                      \/    \/     \/
-// ____  __.
-// |    |/ _|____ ___.__. ______
-// |      <_/ __ <   |  |/  ___/
-// |    |  \  ___/\___  |\___ \
-// |____|__ \___  > ____/____  >
-//         \/   \/\/         \/
-//
-// This file contains functions for creating authorized_keys files
-//
-// There is a dependence on the database within RegeneratePublicKeys however most of these functions probably belong in a module
-
-const (
-	tplCommentPrefix = `# gitea public key`
-	tplPublicKey     = tplCommentPrefix + "\n" + `command=%s,no-port-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding,no-agent-forwarding,no-pty,no-user-rc,restrict %s` + "\n"
-)
+// AuthorizedStringCommentPrefix is a magic tag
+// some functions like RegeneratePublicKeys needs this tag to skip the keys generated by Gitea, while keep other keys
+const AuthorizedStringCommentPrefix = `# gitea public key`

 var sshOpLocker sync.Mutex

@ -50,17 +34,45 @@ func WithSSHOpLocker(f func() error) error {
 }

 // AuthorizedStringForKey creates the authorized keys string appropriate for the provided key
-func AuthorizedStringForKey(key *PublicKey) string {
+func AuthorizedStringForKey(key *PublicKey) (string, error) {
 	sb := &strings.Builder{}
-	_ = setting.SSH.AuthorizedKeysCommandTemplateTemplate.Execute(sb, map[string]any{
+	_, err := writeAuthorizedStringForKey(key, sb)
+	return sb.String(), err
+}
+
+// WriteAuthorizedStringForValidKey writes the authorized key for the provided key. If the key is invalid, it does nothing.
+func WriteAuthorizedStringForValidKey(key *PublicKey, w io.Writer) error {
+	validKey, err := writeAuthorizedStringForKey(key, w)
+	if !validKey {
+		log.Debug("WriteAuthorizedStringForValidKey: key %s is not valid: %v", key, err)
+		return nil
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+func writeAuthorizedStringForKey(key *PublicKey, w io.Writer) (keyValid bool, err error) {
+	const tpl = AuthorizedStringCommentPrefix + "\n" + `command=%s,no-port-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding,no-agent-forwarding,no-pty,no-user-rc,restrict %s %s` + "\n"
+	pubKey, _, _, _, err := ssh.ParseAuthorizedKey([]byte(key.Content))
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	// now the key is valid, the code below could only return template/IO related errors
+	sbCmd := &strings.Builder{}
+	err = setting.SSH.AuthorizedKeysCommandTemplateTemplate.Execute(sbCmd, map[string]any{
 		"AppPath":     util.ShellEscape(setting.AppPath),
 		"AppWorkPath": util.ShellEscape(setting.AppWorkPath),
 		"CustomConf":  util.ShellEscape(setting.CustomConf),
 		"CustomPath":  util.ShellEscape(setting.CustomPath),
 		"Key":         key,
 	})
-
-	return fmt.Sprintf(tplPublicKey, util.ShellEscape(sb.String()), key.Content)
+	if err != nil {
+		return true, err
+	}
+	sshCommandEscaped := util.ShellEscape(sbCmd.String())
+	sshKeyMarshalled := strings.TrimSpace(string(ssh.MarshalAuthorizedKey(pubKey)))
+	sshKeyComment := fmt.Sprintf("user-%d", key.OwnerID)
+	_, err = fmt.Fprintf(w, tpl, sshCommandEscaped, sshKeyMarshalled, sshKeyComment)
+	return true, err
 }

 // appendAuthorizedKeysToFile appends new SSH keys' content to authorized_keys file.
@ -112,7 +124,7 @@ func appendAuthorizedKeysToFile(keys ...*PublicKey) error {
 		if key.Type == KeyTypePrincipal {
 			continue
 		}
-		if _, err = f.WriteString(key.AuthorizedString()); err != nil {
+		if err = WriteAuthorizedStringForValidKey(key, f); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
@ -120,10 +132,9 @@ func appendAuthorizedKeysToFile(keys ...*PublicKey) error {
 }

 // RegeneratePublicKeys regenerates the authorized_keys file
-func RegeneratePublicKeys(ctx context.Context, t io.StringWriter) error {
+func RegeneratePublicKeys(ctx context.Context, t io.Writer) error {
 	if err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("type != ?", KeyTypePrincipal).Iterate(new(PublicKey), func(idx int, bean any) (err error) {
-		_, err = t.WriteString((bean.(*PublicKey)).AuthorizedString())
-		return err
+		return WriteAuthorizedStringForValidKey(bean.(*PublicKey), t)
 	}); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@ -144,11 +155,11 @@ func RegeneratePublicKeys(ctx context.Context, t io.StringWriter) error {
 		scanner := bufio.NewScanner(f)
 		for scanner.Scan() {
 			line := scanner.Text()
-			if strings.HasPrefix(line, tplCommentPrefix) {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(line, AuthorizedStringCommentPrefix) {
 				scanner.Scan()
 				continue
 			}
-			_, err = t.WriteString(line + "\n")
+			_, err = io.WriteString(t, line+"\n")
 			if err != nil {
 				return err
 			}
--- a/models/auth/twofactor.go
+++ b/models/auth/twofactor.go
@ -111,11 +111,11 @@ func (t *TwoFactor) SetSecret(secretString string) error {
 func (t *TwoFactor) ValidateTOTP(passcode string) (bool, error) {
 	decodedStoredSecret, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(t.Secret)
 	if err != nil {
-		return false, err
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("ValidateTOTP invalid base64: %w", err)
 	}
 	secretBytes, err := secret.AesDecrypt(t.getEncryptionKey(), decodedStoredSecret)
 	if err != nil {
-		return false, err
+		return false, fmt.Errorf("ValidateTOTP unable to decrypt (maybe SECRET_KEY is wrong): %w", err)
 	}
 	secretStr := string(secretBytes)
 	return totp.Validate(passcode, secretStr), nil
--- a/models/fixtures/action_run.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/action_run.yml
@ -139,3 +139,23 @@
  updated: 1683636626
  need_approval: 0
  approved_by: 0
+-
+  id: 804
+  title: "use a private action"
+  repo_id: 60
+  owner_id: 40
+  workflow_id: "run.yaml"
+  index: 189
+  trigger_user_id: 40
+  ref: "refs/heads/master"
+  commit_sha: "6e64b26de7ba966d01d90ecfaf5c7f14ef203e86"
+  event: "push"
+  trigger_event: "push"
+  is_fork_pull_request: 0
+  status: 1
+  started: 1683636528
+  stopped: 1683636626
+  created: 1683636108
+  updated: 1683636626
+  need_approval: 0
+  approved_by: 0
--- a/models/fixtures/action_run_job.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/action_run_job.yml
@ -129,3 +129,17 @@
  status: 5
  started: 1683636528
  stopped: 1683636626
+-
+  id: 205
+  run_id: 804
+  repo_id: 6
+  owner_id: 10
+  commit_sha: 6e64b26de7ba966d01d90ecfaf5c7f14ef203e86
+  is_fork_pull_request: 0
+  name: job_2
+  attempt: 1
+  job_id: job_2
+  task_id: 48
+  status: 1
+  started: 1683636528
+  stopped: 1683636626
--- a/models/fixtures/action_task.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/action_task.yml
@ -177,3 +177,23 @@
  log_length: 0
  log_size: 0
  log_expired: 0
+-
+  id: 55
+  job_id: 205
+  attempt: 1
+  runner_id: 1
+  status: 6 # 6 is the status code for "running"
+  started: 1683636528
+  stopped: 1683636626
+  repo_id: 6
+  owner_id: 10
+  commit_sha: 6e64b26de7ba966d01d90ecfaf5c7f14ef203e86
+  is_fork_pull_request: 0
+  token_hash: b8d3962425466b6709b9ac51446f93260c54afe8e7b6d3686e34f991fb8a8953822b0deed86fe41a103f34bc48dbc478422b
+  token_salt: ERxJGHvg3I
+  token_last_eight: 182199eb
+  log_filename: collaborative-owner-test/1a/49.log
+  log_in_storage: 1
+  log_length: 707
+  log_size: 90179
+  log_expired: 0
--- a/models/fixtures/branch.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/branch.yml
@ -217,6 +217,43 @@
 -
  id: 26
  repo_id: 10
+  name: 'feature/1'
+  commit_id: '65f1bf27bc3bf70f64657658635e66094edbcb4d'
+  commit_message: 'Initial commit'
+  commit_time: 1489950479
+  pusher_id: 2
+  is_deleted: false
+  deleted_by_id: 0
+  deleted_unix: 0
+
+-
+  id: 27
+  repo_id: 1
+  name: 'DefaultBranch'
+  commit_id: '90c1019714259b24fb81711d4416ac0f18667dfa'
+  commit_message: 'add license'
+  commit_time: 1709345946
+  pusher_id: 1
+  is_deleted: false
+  deleted_by_id: 0
+  deleted_unix: 0
+
+-
+  id: 28
+  repo_id: 1
+  name: 'sub-home-md-img-check'
+  commit_id: '4649299398e4d39a5c09eb4f534df6f1e1eb87cc'
+  commit_message: "Test how READMEs render images when found in a subfolder"
+  commit_time: 1678403550
+  pusher_id: 1
+  is_deleted: false
+  deleted_by_id: 0
+  deleted_unix: 0
+
+
+-
+  id: 29
+  repo_id: 10
  name: 'develop'
  commit_id: '65f1bf27bc3bf70f64657658635e66094edbcb4d'
  commit_message: 'Initial commit'
@ -227,7 +264,7 @@
  deleted_unix: 0

 -
-  id: 27
+  id: 30
  repo_id: 1
  name: 'pr-to-update'
  commit_id: '62fb502a7172d4453f0322a2cc85bddffa57f07a'
--- a/models/fixtures/repo_unit.yml
+++ b/models/fixtures/repo_unit.yml
@ -733,3 +733,10 @@
  type: 3
  config: "{\"IgnoreWhitespaceConflicts\":false,\"AllowMerge\":true,\"AllowRebase\":true,\"AllowRebaseMerge\":true,\"AllowSquash\":true}"
  created_unix: 946684810
+
+-
+  id: 111
+  repo_id: 3
+  type: 10
+  config: "{}"
+  created_unix: 946684810
--- a/models/git/commit_status.go
+++ b/models/git/commit_status.go
@ -30,17 +30,21 @@ import (

 // CommitStatus holds a single Status of a single Commit
 type CommitStatus struct {
-	ID          int64                          `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
-	Index       int64                          `xorm:"INDEX UNIQUE(repo_sha_index)"`
-	RepoID      int64                          `xorm:"INDEX UNIQUE(repo_sha_index)"`
-	Repo        *repo_model.Repository         `xorm:"-"`
-	State       commitstatus.CommitStatusState `xorm:"VARCHAR(7) NOT NULL"`
-	SHA         string                         `xorm:"VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL INDEX UNIQUE(repo_sha_index)"`
-	TargetURL   string                         `xorm:"TEXT"`
-	Description string                         `xorm:"TEXT"`
-	ContextHash string                         `xorm:"VARCHAR(64) index"`
-	Context     string                         `xorm:"TEXT"`
-	Creator     *user_model.User               `xorm:"-"`
+	ID     int64                          `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
+	Index  int64                          `xorm:"INDEX UNIQUE(repo_sha_index)"`
+	RepoID int64                          `xorm:"INDEX UNIQUE(repo_sha_index)"`
+	Repo   *repo_model.Repository         `xorm:"-"`
+	State  commitstatus.CommitStatusState `xorm:"VARCHAR(7) NOT NULL"`
+	SHA    string                         `xorm:"VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL INDEX UNIQUE(repo_sha_index)"`
+
+	// TargetURL points to the commit status page reported by a CI system
+	// If Gitea Actions is used, it is a relative link like "{RepoLink}/actions/runs/{RunID}/jobs{JobID}"
+	TargetURL string `xorm:"TEXT"`
+
+	Description string           `xorm:"TEXT"`
+	ContextHash string           `xorm:"VARCHAR(64) index"`
+	Context     string           `xorm:"TEXT"`
+	Creator     *user_model.User `xorm:"-"`
 	CreatorID   int64

 	CreatedUnix timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"INDEX created"`
@ -211,21 +215,45 @@ func (status *CommitStatus) LocaleString(lang translation.Locale) string {

 // HideActionsURL set `TargetURL` to an empty string if the status comes from Gitea Actions
 func (status *CommitStatus) HideActionsURL(ctx context.Context) {
+	if _, ok := status.cutTargetURLGiteaActionsPrefix(ctx); ok {
+		status.TargetURL = ""
+	}
+}
+
+func (status *CommitStatus) cutTargetURLGiteaActionsPrefix(ctx context.Context) (string, bool) {
 	if status.RepoID == 0 {
-		return
+		return "", false
 	}

 	if status.Repo == nil {
 		if err := status.loadRepository(ctx); err != nil {
 			log.Error("loadRepository: %v", err)
-			return
+			return "", false
 		}
 	}

 	prefix := status.Repo.Link() + "/actions"
-	if strings.HasPrefix(status.TargetURL, prefix) {
-		status.TargetURL = ""
+	return strings.CutPrefix(status.TargetURL, prefix)
+}
+
+// ParseGiteaActionsTargetURL parses the commit status target URL as Gitea Actions link
+func (status *CommitStatus) ParseGiteaActionsTargetURL(ctx context.Context) (runID, jobID int64, ok bool) {
+	s, ok := status.cutTargetURLGiteaActionsPrefix(ctx)
+	if !ok {
+		return 0, 0, false
 	}
+
+	parts := strings.Split(s, "/") // expect: /runs/{runID}/jobs/{jobID}
+	if len(parts) < 5 || parts[1] != "runs" || parts[3] != "jobs" {
+		return 0, 0, false
+	}
+
+	runID, err1 := strconv.ParseInt(parts[2], 10, 64)
+	jobID, err2 := strconv.ParseInt(parts[4], 10, 64)
+	if err1 != nil || err2 != nil {
+		return 0, 0, false
+	}
+	return runID, jobID, true
 }

 // CalcCommitStatus returns commit status state via some status, the commit statues should order by id desc
--- a/models/git/lfs.go
+++ b/models/git/lfs.go
@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"fmt"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/perm"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unit"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
@ -42,30 +41,6 @@ func (err ErrLFSLockNotExist) Unwrap() error {
 	return util.ErrNotExist
 }

-// ErrLFSUnauthorizedAction represents a "LFSUnauthorizedAction" kind of error.
-type ErrLFSUnauthorizedAction struct {
-	RepoID   int64
-	UserName string
-	Mode     perm.AccessMode
-}
-
-// IsErrLFSUnauthorizedAction checks if an error is a ErrLFSUnauthorizedAction.
-func IsErrLFSUnauthorizedAction(err error) bool {
-	_, ok := err.(ErrLFSUnauthorizedAction)
-	return ok
-}
-
-func (err ErrLFSUnauthorizedAction) Error() string {
-	if err.Mode == perm.AccessModeWrite {
-		return fmt.Sprintf("User %s doesn't have write access for lfs lock [rid: %d]", err.UserName, err.RepoID)
-	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("User %s doesn't have read access for lfs lock [rid: %d]", err.UserName, err.RepoID)
-}
-
-func (err ErrLFSUnauthorizedAction) Unwrap() error {
-	return util.ErrPermissionDenied
-}
-
 // ErrLFSLockAlreadyExist represents a "LFSLockAlreadyExist" kind of error.
 type ErrLFSLockAlreadyExist struct {
 	RepoID int64
@ -93,12 +68,6 @@ type ErrLFSFileLocked struct {
 	UserName string
 }

-// IsErrLFSFileLocked checks if an error is a ErrLFSFileLocked.
-func IsErrLFSFileLocked(err error) bool {
-	_, ok := err.(ErrLFSFileLocked)
-	return ok
-}
-
 func (err ErrLFSFileLocked) Error() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("File is lfs locked [repo: %d, locked by: %s, path: %s]", err.RepoID, err.UserName, err.Path)
 }
--- a/models/git/lfs_lock.go
+++ b/models/git/lfs_lock.go
@ -11,10 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/perm"
-	access_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/perm/access"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unit"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
@ -71,10 +68,6 @@ func (l *LFSLock) LoadOwner(ctx context.Context) error {
 // CreateLFSLock creates a new lock.
 func CreateLFSLock(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, lock *LFSLock) (*LFSLock, error) {
 	return db.WithTx2(ctx, func(ctx context.Context) (*LFSLock, error) {
-		if err := CheckLFSAccessForRepo(ctx, lock.OwnerID, repo, perm.AccessModeWrite); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
 		lock.Path = util.PathJoinRel(lock.Path)
 		lock.RepoID = repo.ID

@ -165,10 +158,6 @@ func DeleteLFSLockByID(ctx context.Context, id int64, repo *repo_model.Repositor
 			return nil, err
 		}

-		if err := CheckLFSAccessForRepo(ctx, u.ID, repo, perm.AccessModeWrite); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
 		if !force && u.ID != lock.OwnerID {
 			return nil, errors.New("user doesn't own lock and force flag is not set")
 		}
@ -180,22 +169,3 @@ func DeleteLFSLockByID(ctx context.Context, id int64, repo *repo_model.Repositor
 		return lock, nil
 	})
 }
-
-// CheckLFSAccessForRepo check needed access mode base on action
-func CheckLFSAccessForRepo(ctx context.Context, ownerID int64, repo *repo_model.Repository, mode perm.AccessMode) error {
-	if ownerID == 0 {
-		return ErrLFSUnauthorizedAction{repo.ID, "undefined", mode}
-	}
-	u, err := user_model.GetUserByID(ctx, ownerID)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	perm, err := access_model.GetUserRepoPermission(ctx, repo, u)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if !perm.CanAccess(mode, unit.TypeCode) {
-		return ErrLFSUnauthorizedAction{repo.ID, u.DisplayName(), mode}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
--- a/models/git/protected_branch.go
+++ b/models/git/protected_branch.go
@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ package git

 import (
 	"context"
-	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"slices"
 	"strings"
@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )

-var ErrBranchIsProtected = errors.New("branch is protected")
+var ErrBranchIsProtected = util.ErrorWrap(util.ErrPermissionDenied, "branch is protected")

 // ProtectedBranch struct
 type ProtectedBranch struct {
--- a/models/issues/issue_search.go
+++ b/models/issues/issue_search.go
@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ func applySubscribedCondition(sess *xorm.Session, subscriberID int64) {
 			),
 			builder.Eq{"issue.poster_id": subscriberID},
 			builder.In("issue.repo_id", builder.
-				Select("id").
+				Select("repo_id").
 				From("watch").
 				Where(builder.And(builder.Eq{"user_id": subscriberID},
 					builder.In("mode", repo_model.WatchModeNormal, repo_model.WatchModeAuto))),
--- a/models/issues/issue_test.go
+++ b/models/issues/issue_test.go
@ -197,6 +197,12 @@ func TestIssues(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			[]int64{2},
 		},
+		{
+			issues_model.IssuesOptions{
+				SubscriberID: 11,
+			},
+			[]int64{11, 5, 9, 8, 3, 2, 1},
+		},
 	} {
 		issues, err := issues_model.Issues(t.Context(), &test.Opts)
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
--- a/models/issues/review_list.go
+++ b/models/issues/review_list.go
@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ func GetReviewsByIssueID(ctx context.Context, issueID int64) (latestReviews, mig
 	reviewersMap := make(map[int64][]*Review)         // key is reviewer id
 	originalReviewersMap := make(map[int64][]*Review) // key is original author id
 	reviewTeamsMap := make(map[int64][]*Review)       // key is reviewer team id
-	countedReivewTypes := []ReviewType{ReviewTypeApprove, ReviewTypeReject, ReviewTypeRequest}
+	countedReivewTypes := []ReviewType{ReviewTypeApprove, ReviewTypeReject, ReviewTypeRequest, ReviewTypeComment}
 	for _, review := range reviews {
 		if review.ReviewerTeamID == 0 && slices.Contains(countedReivewTypes, review.Type) && !review.Dismissed {
 			if review.OriginalAuthorID != 0 {
--- a/models/issues/review_test.go
+++ b/models/issues/review_test.go
@ -122,6 +122,7 @@ func TestGetReviewersByIssueID(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())

 	issue := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &issues_model.Issue{ID: 3})
+	user1 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 1})
 	user2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2})
 	org3 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 3})
 	user4 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 4})
@ -129,6 +130,12 @@ func TestGetReviewersByIssueID(t *testing.T) {

 	expectedReviews := []*issues_model.Review{}
 	expectedReviews = append(expectedReviews,
+		&issues_model.Review{
+			ID:          5,
+			Reviewer:    user1,
+			Type:        issues_model.ReviewTypeComment,
+			UpdatedUnix: 946684810,
+		},
 		&issues_model.Review{
 			ID:          7,
 			Reviewer:    org3,
@ -167,8 +174,9 @@ func TestGetReviewersByIssueID(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, review := range allReviews {
 		assert.NoError(t, review.LoadReviewer(t.Context()))
 	}
-	if assert.Len(t, allReviews, 5) {
+	if assert.Len(t, allReviews, 6) {
 		for i, review := range allReviews {
+			assert.Equal(t, expectedReviews[i].ID, review.ID)
 			assert.Equal(t, expectedReviews[i].Reviewer, review.Reviewer)
 			assert.Equal(t, expectedReviews[i].Type, review.Type)
 			assert.Equal(t, expectedReviews[i].UpdatedUnix, review.UpdatedUnix)
--- a/models/migrations/migrations.go
+++ b/models/migrations/migrations.go
@ -397,7 +397,8 @@ func prepareMigrationTasks() []*migration {
 		newMigration(322, "Extend comment tree_path length limit", v1_25.ExtendCommentTreePathLength),

 		// Gitea 1.25.0 ends at database version 323
-		newMigration(323, "Add table issue_dev_link", v1_26.CreateTableIssueDevLink),
+		newMigration(323, "Add support for actions concurrency", v1_26.AddActionsConcurrency),
+		newMigration(324, "Add table issue_dev_link", v1_26.CreateTableIssueDevLink),
 	}
 	return preparedMigrations
 }
--- a/models/migrations/v1_12/v128.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_12/v128.go
@ -84,17 +84,17 @@ func FixMergeBase(ctx context.Context, x *xorm.Engine) error {

 			if !pr.HasMerged {
 				var err error
-				pr.MergeBase, _, err = gitcmd.NewCommand("merge-base").AddDashesAndList(pr.BaseBranch, gitRefName).RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+				pr.MergeBase, _, err = gitcmd.NewCommand("merge-base").AddDashesAndList(pr.BaseBranch, gitRefName).WithDir(repoPath).RunStdString(ctx)
 				if err != nil {
 					var err2 error
-					pr.MergeBase, _, err2 = gitcmd.NewCommand("rev-parse").AddDynamicArguments(git.BranchPrefix+pr.BaseBranch).RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+					pr.MergeBase, _, err2 = gitcmd.NewCommand("rev-parse").AddDynamicArguments(git.BranchPrefix + pr.BaseBranch).WithDir(repoPath).RunStdString(ctx)
 					if err2 != nil {
 						log.Error("Unable to get merge base for PR ID %d, Index %d in %s/%s. Error: %v & %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, baseRepo.OwnerName, baseRepo.Name, err, err2)
 						continue
 					}
 				}
 			} else {
-				parentsString, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("rev-list", "--parents", "-n", "1").AddDynamicArguments(pr.MergedCommitID).RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+				parentsString, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("rev-list", "--parents", "-n", "1").AddDynamicArguments(pr.MergedCommitID).WithDir(repoPath).RunStdString(ctx)
 				if err != nil {
 					log.Error("Unable to get parents for merged PR ID %d, Index %d in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, baseRepo.OwnerName, baseRepo.Name, err)
 					continue
@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ func FixMergeBase(ctx context.Context, x *xorm.Engine) error {
 				refs = append(refs, gitRefName)
 				cmd := gitcmd.NewCommand("merge-base").AddDashesAndList(refs...)

-				pr.MergeBase, _, err = cmd.RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+				pr.MergeBase, _, err = cmd.WithDir(repoPath).RunStdString(ctx)
 				if err != nil {
 					log.Error("Unable to get merge base for merged PR ID %d, Index %d in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, baseRepo.OwnerName, baseRepo.Name, err)
 					continue
--- a/models/migrations/v1_12/v134.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_12/v134.go
@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func RefixMergeBase(ctx context.Context, x *xorm.Engine) error {

 			gitRefName := fmt.Sprintf("refs/pull/%d/head", pr.Index)

-			parentsString, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("rev-list", "--parents", "-n", "1").AddDynamicArguments(pr.MergedCommitID).RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+			parentsString, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("rev-list", "--parents", "-n", "1").AddDynamicArguments(pr.MergedCommitID).WithDir(repoPath).RunStdString(ctx)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("Unable to get parents for merged PR ID %d, Index %d in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, baseRepo.OwnerName, baseRepo.Name, err)
 				continue
@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func RefixMergeBase(ctx context.Context, x *xorm.Engine) error {
 			refs = append(refs, gitRefName)
 			cmd := gitcmd.NewCommand("merge-base").AddDashesAndList(refs...)

-			pr.MergeBase, _, err = cmd.RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+			pr.MergeBase, _, err = cmd.WithDir(repoPath).RunStdString(ctx)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("Unable to get merge base for merged PR ID %d, Index %d in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, baseRepo.OwnerName, baseRepo.Name, err)
 				continue
--- a/models/migrations/v1_26/v323.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_26/v323.go
@ -4,19 +4,40 @@
 package v1_26

 import (
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
-
 	"xorm.io/xorm"
 )

-func CreateTableIssueDevLink(x *xorm.Engine) error {
-	type IssueDevLink struct {
-		ID           int64 `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
-		IssueID      int64 `xorm:"INDEX"`
-		LinkType     int
-		LinkedRepoID int64              `xorm:"INDEX"` // it can link to self repo or other repo
-		LinkID       int64              // branch id in branch table or pull request id
-		CreatedUnix  timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"INDEX created"`
+func AddActionsConcurrency(x *xorm.Engine) error {
+	type ActionRun struct {
+		RepoID            int64 `xorm:"index(repo_concurrency)"`
+		RawConcurrency    string
+		ConcurrencyGroup  string `xorm:"index(repo_concurrency) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''"`
+		ConcurrencyCancel bool   `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE"`
 	}
-	return x.Sync(new(IssueDevLink))
+
+	if _, err := x.SyncWithOptions(xorm.SyncOptions{
+		IgnoreDropIndices: true,
+	}, new(ActionRun)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err := x.Sync(new(ActionRun)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	type ActionRunJob struct {
+		RepoID                 int64 `xorm:"index(repo_concurrency)"`
+		RawConcurrency         string
+		IsConcurrencyEvaluated bool
+		ConcurrencyGroup       string `xorm:"index(repo_concurrency) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''"`
+		ConcurrencyCancel      bool   `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT FALSE"`
+	}
+
+	if _, err := x.SyncWithOptions(xorm.SyncOptions{
+		IgnoreDropIndices: true,
+	}, new(ActionRunJob)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }
--- a/models/migrations/v1_26/v324.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_26/v324.go
@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+// Copyright 2025 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package v1_26
+
+import (
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
+
+	"xorm.io/xorm"
+)
+
+func CreateTableIssueDevLink(x *xorm.Engine) error {
+	type IssueDevLink struct {
+		ID           int64 `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
+		IssueID      int64 `xorm:"INDEX"`
+		LinkType     int
+		LinkedRepoID int64              `xorm:"INDEX"` // it can link to self repo or other repo
+		LinkID       int64              // branch id in branch table or pull request id
+		CreatedUnix  timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"INDEX created"`
+	}
+	return x.Sync(new(IssueDevLink))
+}
--- a/models/migrations/v1_26/v324_test.go
+++ b/models/migrations/v1_26/v324_test.go
--- a/models/organization/org.go
+++ b/models/organization/org.go
@ -429,6 +429,10 @@ func HasOrgOrUserVisible(ctx context.Context, orgOrUser, user *user_model.User)
 		return true
 	}

+	if !setting.Service.RequireSignInViewStrict && orgOrUser.Visibility == structs.VisibleTypePublic {
+		return true
+	}
+
 	if (orgOrUser.Visibility == structs.VisibleTypePrivate || user.IsRestricted) && !OrgFromUser(orgOrUser).hasMemberWithUserID(ctx, user.ID) {
 		return false
 	}
--- a/models/organization/org_test.go
+++ b/models/organization/org_test.go
@ -13,7 +13,9 @@ import (
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/test"

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
@ -382,6 +384,12 @@ func TestHasOrgVisibleTypePublic(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.True(t, test1) // owner of org
 	assert.True(t, test2) // user not a part of org
 	assert.True(t, test3) // logged out user
+
+	restrictedUser := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 29, IsRestricted: true})
+	require.True(t, restrictedUser.IsRestricted)
+	assert.True(t, organization.HasOrgOrUserVisible(t.Context(), org.AsUser(), restrictedUser))
+	defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.Service.RequireSignInViewStrict, true)()
+	assert.False(t, organization.HasOrgOrUserVisible(t.Context(), org.AsUser(), restrictedUser))
 }

 func TestHasOrgVisibleTypeLimited(t *testing.T) {
--- a/models/perm/access/access.go
+++ b/models/perm/access/access.go
@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/perm"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"

 	"xorm.io/builder"
 )
@ -41,7 +43,12 @@ func accessLevel(ctx context.Context, user *user_model.User, repo *repo_model.Re
 		restricted = user.IsRestricted
 	}

-	if !restricted && !repo.IsPrivate {
+	if err := repo.LoadOwner(ctx); err != nil {
+		return mode, err
+	}
+
+	repoIsFullyPublic := !setting.Service.RequireSignInViewStrict && repo.Owner.Visibility == structs.VisibleTypePublic && !repo.IsPrivate
+	if (restricted && repoIsFullyPublic) || (!restricted && !repo.IsPrivate) {
 		mode = perm.AccessModeRead
 	}

--- a/models/perm/access/access_test.go
+++ b/models/perm/access/access_test.go
@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
@ -51,7 +52,14 @@ func TestAccessLevel(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, perm_model.AccessModeNone, level)

-	// restricted user has no access to a public repo
+	// restricted user has default access to a public repo if no sign-in is required
+	setting.Service.RequireSignInViewStrict = false
+	level, err = access_model.AccessLevel(t.Context(), user29, repo1)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, perm_model.AccessModeRead, level)
+
+	// restricted user has no access to a public repo if sign-in is required
+	setting.Service.RequireSignInViewStrict = true
 	level, err = access_model.AccessLevel(t.Context(), user29, repo1)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, perm_model.AccessModeNone, level)
--- a/models/perm/access/repo_permission.go
+++ b/models/perm/access/repo_permission.go
@ -5,9 +5,11 @@ package access

 import (
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"slices"

+	actions_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/actions"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/organization"
 	perm_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/perm"
@ -253,6 +255,43 @@ func finalProcessRepoUnitPermission(user *user_model.User, perm *Permission) {
 	}
 }

+// GetActionsUserRepoPermission returns the actions user permissions to the repository
+func GetActionsUserRepoPermission(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, actionsUser *user_model.User, taskID int64) (perm Permission, err error) {
+	if actionsUser.ID != user_model.ActionsUserID {
+		return perm, errors.New("api GetActionsUserRepoPermission can only be called by the actions user")
+	}
+	task, err := actions_model.GetTaskByID(ctx, taskID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return perm, err
+	}
+
+	var accessMode perm_model.AccessMode
+	if task.RepoID != repo.ID {
+		taskRepo, exist, err := db.GetByID[repo_model.Repository](ctx, task.RepoID)
+		if err != nil || !exist {
+			return perm, err
+		}
+		actionsCfg := repo.MustGetUnit(ctx, unit.TypeActions).ActionsConfig()
+		if !actionsCfg.IsCollaborativeOwner(taskRepo.OwnerID) || !taskRepo.IsPrivate {
+			// The task repo can access the current repo only if the task repo is private and
+			// the owner of the task repo is a collaborative owner of the current repo.
+			// FIXME allow public repo read access if tokenless pull is enabled
+			return perm, nil
+		}
+		accessMode = perm_model.AccessModeRead
+	} else if task.IsForkPullRequest {
+		accessMode = perm_model.AccessModeRead
+	} else {
+		accessMode = perm_model.AccessModeWrite
+	}
+
+	if err := repo.LoadUnits(ctx); err != nil {
+		return perm, err
+	}
+	perm.SetUnitsWithDefaultAccessMode(repo.Units, accessMode)
+	return perm, nil
+}
+
 // GetUserRepoPermission returns the user permissions to the repository
 func GetUserRepoPermission(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, user *user_model.User) (perm Permission, err error) {
 	defer func() {
--- a/modules/git/repo_archive_test.go
+++ b/modules/git/repo_archive_test.go
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Copyright 2025 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT

-package git
+package repo

 import (
 	"testing"
--- a/models/repo/archiver.go
+++ b/models/repo/archiver.go
@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"

@ -27,11 +26,46 @@ const (
 	ArchiverReady             // it's ready
 )

+// ArchiveType archive types
+type ArchiveType int
+
+const (
+	ArchiveUnknown ArchiveType = iota
+	ArchiveZip                 // 1
+	ArchiveTarGz               // 2
+	ArchiveBundle              // 3
+)
+
+// String converts an ArchiveType to string: the extension of the archive file without prefix dot
+func (a ArchiveType) String() string {
+	switch a {
+	case ArchiveZip:
+		return "zip"
+	case ArchiveTarGz:
+		return "tar.gz"
+	case ArchiveBundle:
+		return "bundle"
+	}
+	return "unknown"
+}
+
+func SplitArchiveNameType(s string) (string, ArchiveType) {
+	switch {
+	case strings.HasSuffix(s, ".zip"):
+		return strings.TrimSuffix(s, ".zip"), ArchiveZip
+	case strings.HasSuffix(s, ".tar.gz"):
+		return strings.TrimSuffix(s, ".tar.gz"), ArchiveTarGz
+	case strings.HasSuffix(s, ".bundle"):
+		return strings.TrimSuffix(s, ".bundle"), ArchiveBundle
+	}
+	return s, ArchiveUnknown
+}
+
 // RepoArchiver represents all archivers
 type RepoArchiver struct { //revive:disable-line:exported
-	ID          int64           `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
-	RepoID      int64           `xorm:"index unique(s)"`
-	Type        git.ArchiveType `xorm:"unique(s)"`
+	ID          int64       `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
+	RepoID      int64       `xorm:"index unique(s)"`
+	Type        ArchiveType `xorm:"unique(s)"`
 	Status      ArchiverStatus
 	CommitID    string             `xorm:"VARCHAR(64) unique(s)"`
 	CreatedUnix timeutil.TimeStamp `xorm:"INDEX NOT NULL created"`
@ -56,15 +90,15 @@ func repoArchiverForRelativePath(relativePath string) (*RepoArchiver, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, util.NewInvalidArgumentErrorf("invalid storage path: invalid repo id")
 	}
-	commitID, archiveType := git.SplitArchiveNameType(parts[2])
-	if archiveType == git.ArchiveUnknown {
+	commitID, archiveType := SplitArchiveNameType(parts[2])
+	if archiveType == ArchiveUnknown {
 		return nil, util.NewInvalidArgumentErrorf("invalid storage path: invalid archive type")
 	}
 	return &RepoArchiver{RepoID: repoID, CommitID: commitID, Type: archiveType}, nil
 }

 // GetRepoArchiver get an archiver
-func GetRepoArchiver(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, tp git.ArchiveType, commitID string) (*RepoArchiver, error) {
+func GetRepoArchiver(ctx context.Context, repoID int64, tp ArchiveType, commitID string) (*RepoArchiver, error) {
 	var archiver RepoArchiver
 	has, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Where("repo_id=?", repoID).And("`type`=?", tp).And("commit_id=?", commitID).Get(&archiver)
 	if err != nil {
--- a/models/repo/repo.go
+++ b/models/repo/repo.go
@ -229,10 +229,6 @@ func RelativePath(ownerName, repoName string) string {
 	return strings.ToLower(ownerName) + "/" + strings.ToLower(repoName) + ".git"
 }

-func RelativeWikiPath(ownerName, repoName string) string {
-	return strings.ToLower(ownerName) + "/" + strings.ToLower(repoName) + ".wiki.git"
-}
-
 // RelativePath should be an unix style path like username/reponame.git
 func (repo *Repository) RelativePath() string {
 	return RelativePath(repo.OwnerName, repo.Name)
@ -245,12 +241,6 @@ func (sr StorageRepo) RelativePath() string {
 	return string(sr)
 }

-// WikiStorageRepo returns the storage repo for the wiki
-// The wiki repository should have the same object format as the code repository
-func (repo *Repository) WikiStorageRepo() StorageRepo {
-	return StorageRepo(RelativeWikiPath(repo.OwnerName, repo.Name))
-}
-
 // SanitizedOriginalURL returns a sanitized OriginalURL
 func (repo *Repository) SanitizedOriginalURL() string {
 	if repo.OriginalURL == "" {
@ -605,7 +595,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) IsGenerated() bool {

 // RepoPath returns repository path by given user and repository name.
 func RepoPath(userName, repoName string) string { //revive:disable-line:exported
-	return filepath.Join(user_model.UserPath(userName), strings.ToLower(repoName)+".git")
+	return filepath.Join(setting.RepoRootPath, filepath.Clean(strings.ToLower(userName)), filepath.Clean(strings.ToLower(repoName)+".git"))
 }

 // RepoPath returns the repository path
--- a/models/repo/repo_list.go
+++ b/models/repo/repo_list.go
@ -642,6 +642,17 @@ func SearchRepositoryIDsByCondition(ctx context.Context, cond builder.Cond) ([]i
 		Find(&repoIDs)
 }

+func userAllPublicRepoCond(cond builder.Cond, orgVisibilityLimit []structs.VisibleType) builder.Cond {
+	return cond.Or(builder.And(
+		builder.Eq{"`repository`.is_private": false},
+		// Aren't in a private organisation or limited organisation if we're not logged in
+		builder.NotIn("`repository`.owner_id", builder.Select("id").From("`user`").Where(
+			builder.And(
+				builder.Eq{"type": user_model.UserTypeOrganization},
+				builder.In("visibility", orgVisibilityLimit)),
+		))))
+}
+
 // AccessibleRepositoryCondition takes a user a returns a condition for checking if a repository is accessible
 func AccessibleRepositoryCondition(user *user_model.User, unitType unit.Type) builder.Cond {
 	cond := builder.NewCond()
@ -651,15 +662,8 @@ func AccessibleRepositoryCondition(user *user_model.User, unitType unit.Type) bu
 		if user == nil || user.ID <= 0 {
 			orgVisibilityLimit = append(orgVisibilityLimit, structs.VisibleTypeLimited)
 		}
-		// 1. Be able to see all non-private repositories that either:
-		cond = cond.Or(builder.And(
-			builder.Eq{"`repository`.is_private": false},
-			// 2. Aren't in an private organisation or limited organisation if we're not logged in
-			builder.NotIn("`repository`.owner_id", builder.Select("id").From("`user`").Where(
-				builder.And(
-					builder.Eq{"type": user_model.UserTypeOrganization},
-					builder.In("visibility", orgVisibilityLimit)),
-			))))
+		// 1. Be able to see all non-private repositories
+		cond = userAllPublicRepoCond(cond, orgVisibilityLimit)
 	}

 	if user != nil {
@ -683,6 +687,9 @@ func AccessibleRepositoryCondition(user *user_model.User, unitType unit.Type) bu
 		if !user.IsRestricted {
 			// 5. Be able to see all public repos in private organizations that we are an org_user of
 			cond = cond.Or(userOrgPublicRepoCond(user.ID))
+		} else if !setting.Service.RequireSignInViewStrict {
+			orgVisibilityLimit := []structs.VisibleType{structs.VisibleTypePrivate, structs.VisibleTypeLimited}
+			cond = userAllPublicRepoCond(cond, orgVisibilityLimit)
 		}
 	}

--- a/models/repo/repo_list_test.go
+++ b/models/repo/repo_list_test.go
@ -10,9 +10,14 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
+	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/optional"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/structs"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/test"

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )

 func getTestCases() []struct {
@ -182,7 +187,16 @@ func getTestCases() []struct {

 func TestSearchRepository(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
+	t.Run("SearchRepositoryPublic", testSearchRepositoryPublic)
+	t.Run("SearchRepositoryPublicRestricted", testSearchRepositoryRestricted)
+	t.Run("SearchRepositoryPrivate", testSearchRepositoryPrivate)
+	t.Run("SearchRepositoryNonExistingOwner", testSearchRepositoryNonExistingOwner)
+	t.Run("SearchRepositoryWithInDescription", testSearchRepositoryWithInDescription)
+	t.Run("SearchRepositoryNotInDescription", testSearchRepositoryNotInDescription)
+	t.Run("SearchRepositoryCases", testSearchRepositoryCases)
+}

+func testSearchRepositoryPublic(t *testing.T) {
 	// test search public repository on explore page
 	repos, count, err := repo_model.SearchRepositoryByName(t.Context(), repo_model.SearchRepoOptions{
 		ListOptions: db.ListOptions{
@ -211,9 +225,54 @@ func TestSearchRepository(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, int64(2), count)
 	assert.Len(t, repos, 2)
+}

+func testSearchRepositoryRestricted(t *testing.T) {
+	user2 := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 2})
+	restrictedUser := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &user_model.User{ID: 29, IsRestricted: true})
+
+	performSearch := func(t *testing.T, user *user_model.User) (publicRepoIDs []int64) {
+		repos, count, err := repo_model.SearchRepositoryByName(t.Context(), repo_model.SearchRepoOptions{
+			ListOptions: db.ListOptions{Page: 1, PageSize: 10000},
+			Actor:       user,
+		})
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Len(t, repos, int(count))
+		for _, repo := range repos {
+			require.NoError(t, repo.LoadOwner(t.Context()))
+			if repo.Owner.Visibility == structs.VisibleTypePublic && !repo.IsPrivate {
+				publicRepoIDs = append(publicRepoIDs, repo.ID)
+			}
+		}
+		return publicRepoIDs
+	}
+
+	normalPublicRepoIDs := performSearch(t, user2)
+	require.Greater(t, len(normalPublicRepoIDs), 10) // quite a lot
+
+	t.Run("RestrictedUser-NoSignInRequirement", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// restricted user can also see public repositories if no "required sign-in"
+		repoIDs := performSearch(t, restrictedUser)
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, normalPublicRepoIDs, repoIDs)
+	})
+
+	defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.Service.RequireSignInViewStrict, true)()
+
+	t.Run("NormalUser-RequiredSignIn", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// normal user can still see all public repos, not affected by "required sign-in"
+		repoIDs := performSearch(t, user2)
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, normalPublicRepoIDs, repoIDs)
+	})
+	t.Run("RestrictedUser-RequiredSignIn", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// restricted user can see only their own repo
+		repoIDs := performSearch(t, restrictedUser)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int64{4}, repoIDs)
+	})
+}
+
+func testSearchRepositoryPrivate(t *testing.T) {
 	// test search private repository on explore page
-	repos, count, err = repo_model.SearchRepositoryByName(t.Context(), repo_model.SearchRepoOptions{
+	repos, count, err := repo_model.SearchRepositoryByName(t.Context(), repo_model.SearchRepoOptions{
 		ListOptions: db.ListOptions{
 			Page:     1,
 			PageSize: 10,
@ -242,16 +301,18 @@ func TestSearchRepository(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, int64(3), count)
 	assert.Len(t, repos, 3)
+}

-	// Test non existing owner
-	repos, count, err = repo_model.SearchRepositoryByName(t.Context(), repo_model.SearchRepoOptions{OwnerID: unittest.NonexistentID})
+func testSearchRepositoryNonExistingOwner(t *testing.T) {
+	repos, count, err := repo_model.SearchRepositoryByName(t.Context(), repo_model.SearchRepoOptions{OwnerID: unittest.NonexistentID})

 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Empty(t, repos)
 	assert.Equal(t, int64(0), count)
+}

-	// Test search within description
-	repos, count, err = repo_model.SearchRepository(t.Context(), repo_model.SearchRepoOptions{
+func testSearchRepositoryWithInDescription(t *testing.T) {
+	repos, count, err := repo_model.SearchRepository(t.Context(), repo_model.SearchRepoOptions{
 		ListOptions: db.ListOptions{
 			Page:     1,
 			PageSize: 10,
@ -266,9 +327,10 @@ func TestSearchRepository(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.Equal(t, "test_repo_14", repos[0].Name)
 	}
 	assert.Equal(t, int64(1), count)
+}

-	// Test NOT search within description
-	repos, count, err = repo_model.SearchRepository(t.Context(), repo_model.SearchRepoOptions{
+func testSearchRepositoryNotInDescription(t *testing.T) {
+	repos, count, err := repo_model.SearchRepository(t.Context(), repo_model.SearchRepoOptions{
 		ListOptions: db.ListOptions{
 			Page:     1,
 			PageSize: 10,
@ -281,7 +343,9 @@ func TestSearchRepository(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Empty(t, repos)
 	assert.Equal(t, int64(0), count)
+}

+func testSearchRepositoryCases(t *testing.T) {
 	testCases := getTestCases()

 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
--- a/models/repo/repo_unit.go
+++ b/models/repo/repo_unit.go
@ -170,6 +170,9 @@ func (cfg *PullRequestsConfig) GetDefaultMergeStyle() MergeStyle {

 type ActionsConfig struct {
 	DisabledWorkflows []string
+	// CollaborativeOwnerIDs is a list of owner IDs used to share actions from private repos.
+	// Only workflows from the private repos whose owners are in CollaborativeOwnerIDs can access the current repo's actions.
+	CollaborativeOwnerIDs []int64
 }

 func (cfg *ActionsConfig) EnableWorkflow(file string) {
@ -192,6 +195,20 @@ func (cfg *ActionsConfig) DisableWorkflow(file string) {
 	cfg.DisabledWorkflows = append(cfg.DisabledWorkflows, file)
 }

+func (cfg *ActionsConfig) AddCollaborativeOwner(ownerID int64) {
+	if !slices.Contains(cfg.CollaborativeOwnerIDs, ownerID) {
+		cfg.CollaborativeOwnerIDs = append(cfg.CollaborativeOwnerIDs, ownerID)
+	}
+}
+
+func (cfg *ActionsConfig) RemoveCollaborativeOwner(ownerID int64) {
+	cfg.CollaborativeOwnerIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(cfg.CollaborativeOwnerIDs, ownerID)
+}
+
+func (cfg *ActionsConfig) IsCollaborativeOwner(ownerID int64) bool {
+	return slices.Contains(cfg.CollaborativeOwnerIDs, ownerID)
+}
+
 // FromDB fills up a ActionsConfig from serialized format.
 func (cfg *ActionsConfig) FromDB(bs []byte) error {
 	return json.UnmarshalHandleDoubleEncode(bs, &cfg)
--- a/models/repo/upload.go
+++ b/models/repo/upload.go
@ -127,16 +127,9 @@ func DeleteUploads(ctx context.Context, uploads ...*Upload) (err error) {

 	for _, upload := range uploads {
 		localPath := upload.LocalPath()
-		isFile, err := util.IsFile(localPath)
-		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("Unable to check if %s is a file. Error: %v", localPath, err)
-		}
-		if !isFile {
-			continue
-		}
-
 		if err := util.Remove(localPath); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("remove upload: %w", err)
+			// just continue, don't fail the whole operation if a file is missing (removed by others)
+			log.Error("unable to remove upload file %s: %v", localPath, err)
 		}
 	}

--- a/models/repo/wiki.go
+++ b/models/repo/wiki.go
@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ package repo
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
-	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"

 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
@ -76,12 +75,12 @@ func (repo *Repository) WikiCloneLink(ctx context.Context, doer *user_model.User
 	return repo.cloneLink(ctx, doer, repo.Name+".wiki")
 }

-// WikiPath returns wiki data path by given user and repository name.
-func WikiPath(userName, repoName string) string {
-	return filepath.Join(user_model.UserPath(userName), strings.ToLower(repoName)+".wiki.git")
+func RelativeWikiPath(ownerName, repoName string) string {
+	return strings.ToLower(ownerName) + "/" + strings.ToLower(repoName) + ".wiki.git"
 }

-// WikiPath returns wiki data path for given repository.
-func (repo *Repository) WikiPath() string {
-	return WikiPath(repo.OwnerName, repo.Name)
+// WikiStorageRepo returns the storage repo for the wiki
+// The wiki repository should have the same object format as the code repository
+func (repo *Repository) WikiStorageRepo() StorageRepo {
+	return StorageRepo(RelativeWikiPath(repo.OwnerName, repo.Name))
 }
--- a/models/repo/wiki_test.go
+++ b/models/repo/wiki_test.go
@ -4,12 +4,10 @@
 package repo_test

 import (
-	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"

 	repo_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/repo"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/unittest"
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"

 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )
@ -23,15 +21,10 @@ func TestRepository_WikiCloneLink(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, "https://try.gitea.io/user2/repo1.wiki.git", cloneLink.HTTPS)
 }

-func TestWikiPath(t *testing.T) {
+func TestRepository_RelativeWikiPath(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
-	expected := filepath.Join(setting.RepoRootPath, "user2/repo1.wiki.git")
-	assert.Equal(t, expected, repo_model.WikiPath("user2", "repo1"))
-}

-func TestRepository_WikiPath(t *testing.T) {
-	assert.NoError(t, unittest.PrepareTestDatabase())
 	repo := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 1})
-	expected := filepath.Join(setting.RepoRootPath, "user2/repo1.wiki.git")
-	assert.Equal(t, expected, repo.WikiPath())
+	assert.Equal(t, "user2/repo1.wiki.git", repo_model.RelativeWikiPath(repo.OwnerName, repo.Name))
+	assert.Equal(t, "user2/repo1.wiki.git", repo.WikiStorageRepo().RelativePath())
 }
--- a/models/secret/secret.go
+++ b/models/secret/secret.go
@ -178,8 +178,8 @@ func GetSecretsOfTask(ctx context.Context, task *actions_model.ActionTask) (map[
 	for _, secret := range append(ownerSecrets, repoSecrets...) {
 		v, err := secret_module.DecryptSecret(setting.SecretKey, secret.Data)
 		if err != nil {
-			log.Error("decrypt secret %v %q: %v", secret.ID, secret.Name, err)
-			return nil, err
+			log.Error("Unable to decrypt Actions secret %v %q, maybe SECRET_KEY is wrong: %v", secret.ID, secret.Name, err)
+			continue
 		}
 		secrets[secret.Name] = v
 	}
--- a/models/user/search.go
+++ b/models/user/search.go
@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package user
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
@ -22,7 +23,7 @@ type SearchUserOptions struct {
 	db.ListOptions

 	Keyword       string
-	Type          UserType
+	Types         []UserType
 	UID           int64
 	LoginName     string // this option should be used only for admin user
 	SourceID      int64  // this option should be used only for admin user
@ -43,16 +44,16 @@ type SearchUserOptions struct {

 func (opts *SearchUserOptions) toSearchQueryBase(ctx context.Context) *xorm.Session {
 	var cond builder.Cond
-	cond = builder.Eq{"type": opts.Type}
+	cond = builder.In("type", opts.Types)
 	if opts.IncludeReserved {
-		switch opts.Type {
-		case UserTypeIndividual:
+		switch {
+		case slices.Contains(opts.Types, UserTypeIndividual):
 			cond = cond.Or(builder.Eq{"type": UserTypeUserReserved}).Or(
 				builder.Eq{"type": UserTypeBot},
 			).Or(
 				builder.Eq{"type": UserTypeRemoteUser},
 			)
-		case UserTypeOrganization:
+		case slices.Contains(opts.Types, UserTypeOrganization):
 			cond = cond.Or(builder.Eq{"type": UserTypeOrganizationReserved})
 		}
 	}
--- a/models/user/user.go
+++ b/models/user/user.go
@ -249,8 +249,13 @@ func (u *User) MaxCreationLimit() int {
 }

 // CanCreateRepoIn checks whether the doer(u) can create a repository in the owner
-// NOTE: functions calling this assume a failure due to repository count limit; it ONLY checks the repo number LIMIT, if new checks are added, those functions should be revised
+// NOTE: functions calling this assume a failure due to repository count limit, or the owner is not a real user.
+// It ONLY checks the repo number LIMIT or whether owner user is real. If new checks are added, those functions should be revised.
+// TODO: the callers can only return ErrReachLimitOfRepo, need to fine tune to support other error types in the future.
 func (u *User) CanCreateRepoIn(owner *User) bool {
+	if u.ID <= 0 || owner.ID <= 0 {
+		return false // fake user like Ghost or Actions user
+	}
 	if u.IsAdmin {
 		return true
 	}
@ -980,7 +985,7 @@ func GetInactiveUsers(ctx context.Context, olderThan time.Duration) ([]*User, er

 // UserPath returns the path absolute path of user repositories.
 func UserPath(userName string) string { //revive:disable-line:exported
-	return filepath.Join(setting.RepoRootPath, strings.ToLower(userName))
+	return filepath.Join(setting.RepoRootPath, filepath.Clean(strings.ToLower(userName)))
 }

 // GetUserByID returns the user object by given ID if exists.
@ -1444,3 +1449,15 @@ func DisabledFeaturesWithLoginType(user *User) *container.Set[string] {
 	}
 	return &setting.Admin.UserDisabledFeatures
 }
+
+// GetUserOrOrgIDByName returns the id for a user or an org by name
+func GetUserOrOrgIDByName(ctx context.Context, name string) (int64, error) {
+	var id int64
+	has, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).Table("user").Where("name = ?", name).Cols("id").Get(&id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	} else if !has {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("user or org with name %s: %w", name, util.ErrNotExist)
+	}
+	return id, nil
+}
--- a/models/user/user_system.go
+++ b/models/user/user_system.go
@ -48,17 +48,16 @@ func IsGiteaActionsUserName(name string) bool {
 // NewActionsUser creates and returns a fake user for running the actions.
 func NewActionsUser() *User {
 	return &User{
-		ID:                      ActionsUserID,
-		Name:                    ActionsUserName,
-		LowerName:               ActionsUserName,
-		IsActive:                true,
-		FullName:                "Gitea Actions",
-		Email:                   ActionsUserEmail,
-		KeepEmailPrivate:        true,
-		LoginName:               ActionsUserName,
-		Type:                    UserTypeBot,
-		AllowCreateOrganization: true,
-		Visibility:              structs.VisibleTypePublic,
+		ID:               ActionsUserID,
+		Name:             ActionsUserName,
+		LowerName:        ActionsUserName,
+		IsActive:         true,
+		FullName:         "Gitea Actions",
+		Email:            ActionsUserEmail,
+		KeepEmailPrivate: true,
+		LoginName:        ActionsUserName,
+		Type:             UserTypeBot,
+		Visibility:       structs.VisibleTypePublic,
 	}
 }

--- a/models/user/user_test.go
+++ b/models/user/user_test.go
@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ func TestSearchUsers(t *testing.T) {

 	// test orgs
 	testOrgSuccess := func(opts user_model.SearchUserOptions, expectedOrgIDs []int64) {
-		opts.Type = user_model.UserTypeOrganization
+		opts.Types = []user_model.UserType{user_model.UserTypeOrganization}
 		testSuccess(opts, expectedOrgIDs)
 	}

@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func TestSearchUsers(t *testing.T) {

 	// test users
 	testUserSuccess := func(opts user_model.SearchUserOptions, expectedUserIDs []int64) {
-		opts.Type = user_model.UserTypeIndividual
+		opts.Types = []user_model.UserType{user_model.UserTypeIndividual}
 		testSuccess(opts, expectedUserIDs)
 	}

@ -648,33 +648,36 @@ func TestGetInactiveUsers(t *testing.T) {
 func TestCanCreateRepo(t *testing.T) {
 	defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.Repository.MaxCreationLimit)()
 	const noLimit = -1
-	doerNormal := &user_model.User{}
-	doerAdmin := &user_model.User{IsAdmin: true}
+	doerActions := user_model.NewActionsUser()
+	doerNormal := &user_model.User{ID: 2}
+	doerAdmin := &user_model.User{ID: 1, IsAdmin: true}
 	t.Run("NoGlobalLimit", func(t *testing.T) {
 		setting.Repository.MaxCreationLimit = noLimit

-		assert.True(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))
-		assert.False(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 0}))
-		assert.True(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
+		assert.False(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 0}))
+		assert.True(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
+		assert.True(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))

-		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))
-		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 0}))
-		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
+		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 0}))
+		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
+		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))
+		assert.False(t, doerActions.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))
+		assert.False(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(doerActions))
 	})

 	t.Run("GlobalLimit50", func(t *testing.T) {
 		setting.Repository.MaxCreationLimit = 50

-		assert.True(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))
-		assert.False(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 60, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit})) // limited by global limit
-		assert.False(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 0}))
-		assert.True(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
-		assert.True(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 60, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
+		assert.True(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))
+		assert.False(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 60, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit})) // limited by global limit
+		assert.False(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 0}))
+		assert.True(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
+		assert.True(t, doerNormal.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 60, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))

-		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))
-		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 60, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))
-		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 0}))
-		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
-		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{NumRepos: 60, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
+		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))
+		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 60, MaxRepoCreation: noLimit}))
+		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 0}))
+		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 10, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
+		assert.True(t, doerAdmin.CanCreateRepoIn(&user_model.User{ID: 2, NumRepos: 60, MaxRepoCreation: 100}))
 	})
 }
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/argon2.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/argon2.go
@ -61,17 +61,11 @@ func NewArgon2Hasher(config string) *Argon2Hasher {
 		return nil
 	}

-	parsed, err := parseUIntParam(vals[0], "time", "argon2", config, nil)
-	hasher.time = uint32(parsed)
-
-	parsed, err = parseUIntParam(vals[1], "memory", "argon2", config, err)
-	hasher.memory = uint32(parsed)
-
-	parsed, err = parseUIntParam(vals[2], "threads", "argon2", config, err)
-	hasher.threads = uint8(parsed)
-
-	parsed, err = parseUIntParam(vals[3], "keyLen", "argon2", config, err)
-	hasher.keyLen = uint32(parsed)
+	var err error
+	hasher.time, err = parseUintParam[uint32](vals[0], "time", "argon2", config, nil)
+	hasher.memory, err = parseUintParam[uint32](vals[1], "memory", "argon2", config, err)
+	hasher.threads, err = parseUintParam[uint8](vals[2], "threads", "argon2", config, err)
+	hasher.keyLen, err = parseUintParam[uint32](vals[3], "keyLen", "argon2", config, err)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
--- a/modules/auth/password/hash/common.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/hash/common.go
@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"strconv"

 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/util"
 )

 func parseIntParam(value, param, algorithmName, config string, previousErr error) (int, error) {
@ -18,11 +19,12 @@ func parseIntParam(value, param, algorithmName, config string, previousErr error
 	return parsed, previousErr // <- Keep the previous error as this function should still return an error once everything has been checked if any call failed
 }

-func parseUIntParam(value, param, algorithmName, config string, previousErr error) (uint64, error) { //nolint:unparam // algorithmName is always argon2
-	parsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(value, 10, 64)
+func parseUintParam[T uint32 | uint8](value, param, algorithmName, config string, previousErr error) (ret T, _ error) {
+	_, isUint32 := any(ret).(uint32)
+	parsed, err := strconv.ParseUint(value, 10, util.Iif(isUint32, 32, 8))
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("invalid integer for %s representation in %s hash spec %s", param, algorithmName, config)
 		return 0, err
 	}
-	return parsed, previousErr // <- Keep the previous error as this function should still return an error once everything has been checked if any call failed
+	return T(parsed), previousErr // <- Keep the previous error as this function should still return an error once everything has been checked if any call failed
 }
--- a/modules/auth/password/pwn/pwn.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/pwn/pwn.go
@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ func newRequest(ctx context.Context, method, url string, body io.ReadCloser) (*h
 // Adding padding will make requests more secure, however is also slower
 // because artificial responses will be added to the response
 // For more information, see https://www.troyhunt.com/enhancing-pwned-passwords-privacy-with-padding/
-func (c *Client) CheckPassword(pw string, padding bool) (int, error) {
+func (c *Client) CheckPassword(pw string, padding bool) (int64, error) {
 	if pw == "" {
 		return -1, ErrEmptyPassword
 	}
@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func (c *Client) CheckPassword(pw string, padding bool) (int, error) {
 			if err != nil {
 				return -1, err
 			}
-			return int(count), nil
+			return count, nil
 		}
 	}
 	return 0, nil
--- a/modules/auth/password/pwn/pwn_test.go
+++ b/modules/auth/password/pwn/pwn_test.go
@ -37,25 +37,25 @@ func TestPassword(t *testing.T) {

 	count, err := client.CheckPassword("", false)
 	assert.ErrorIs(t, err, ErrEmptyPassword, "blank input should return ErrEmptyPassword")
-	assert.Equal(t, -1, count)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, -1, count)

 	count, err = client.CheckPassword("pwned", false)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, count)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 1, count)

 	count, err = client.CheckPassword("notpwned", false)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, count)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 0, count)

 	count, err = client.CheckPassword("paddedpwned", true)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 1, count)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 1, count)

 	count, err = client.CheckPassword("paddednotpwned", true)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, count)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 0, count)

 	count, err = client.CheckPassword("paddednotpwnedzero", true)
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	assert.Equal(t, 0, count)
+	assert.EqualValues(t, 0, count)
 }
--- a/modules/emoji/emoji.go
+++ b/modules/emoji/emoji.go
@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ import (
 	"io"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
-	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 )

 // Gemoji is a set of emoji data.
@ -23,74 +25,78 @@ type Emoji struct {
 	SkinTones      bool
 }

-var (
-	// codeMap provides a map of the emoji unicode code to its emoji data.
-	codeMap map[string]int
+type globalVarsStruct struct {
+	codeMap       map[string]int    // emoji unicode code to its emoji data.
+	aliasMap      map[string]int    // the alias to its emoji data.
+	emptyReplacer *strings.Replacer // string replacer for emoji codes, used for finding emoji positions.
+	codeReplacer  *strings.Replacer // string replacer for emoji codes.
+	aliasReplacer *strings.Replacer // string replacer for emoji aliases.
+}

-	// aliasMap provides a map of the alias to its emoji data.
-	aliasMap map[string]int
+var globalVarsStore atomic.Pointer[globalVarsStruct]

-	// emptyReplacer is the string replacer for emoji codes.
-	emptyReplacer *strings.Replacer
+func globalVars() *globalVarsStruct {
+	vars := globalVarsStore.Load()
+	if vars != nil {
+		return vars
+	}
+	// although there can be concurrent calls, the result should be the same, and there is no performance problem
+	vars = &globalVarsStruct{}
+	vars.codeMap = make(map[string]int, len(GemojiData))
+	vars.aliasMap = make(map[string]int, len(GemojiData))

-	// codeReplacer is the string replacer for emoji codes.
-	codeReplacer *strings.Replacer
+	// process emoji codes and aliases
+	codePairs := make([]string, 0)
+	emptyPairs := make([]string, 0)
+	aliasPairs := make([]string, 0)

-	// aliasReplacer is the string replacer for emoji aliases.
-	aliasReplacer *strings.Replacer
+	// sort from largest to small so we match combined emoji first
+	sort.Slice(GemojiData, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return len(GemojiData[i].Emoji) > len(GemojiData[j].Emoji)
+	})

-	once sync.Once
-)
-
-func loadMap() {
-	once.Do(func() {
-		// initialize
-		codeMap = make(map[string]int, len(GemojiData))
-		aliasMap = make(map[string]int, len(GemojiData))
-
-		// process emoji codes and aliases
-		codePairs := make([]string, 0)
-		emptyPairs := make([]string, 0)
-		aliasPairs := make([]string, 0)
-
-		// sort from largest to small so we match combined emoji first
-		sort.Slice(GemojiData, func(i, j int) bool {
-			return len(GemojiData[i].Emoji) > len(GemojiData[j].Emoji)
-		})
-
-		for i, e := range GemojiData {
-			if e.Emoji == "" || len(e.Aliases) == 0 {
-				continue
-			}
-
-			// setup codes
-			codeMap[e.Emoji] = i
-			codePairs = append(codePairs, e.Emoji, ":"+e.Aliases[0]+":")
-			emptyPairs = append(emptyPairs, e.Emoji, e.Emoji)
-
-			// setup aliases
-			for _, a := range e.Aliases {
-				if a == "" {
-					continue
-				}
-
-				aliasMap[a] = i
-				aliasPairs = append(aliasPairs, ":"+a+":", e.Emoji)
-			}
+	for idx, emoji := range GemojiData {
+		if emoji.Emoji == "" || len(emoji.Aliases) == 0 {
+			continue
 		}

-		// create replacers
-		emptyReplacer = strings.NewReplacer(emptyPairs...)
-		codeReplacer = strings.NewReplacer(codePairs...)
-		aliasReplacer = strings.NewReplacer(aliasPairs...)
-	})
+		// process aliases
+		firstAlias := ""
+		for _, alias := range emoji.Aliases {
+			if alias == "" {
+				continue
+			}
+			enabled := len(setting.UI.EnabledEmojisSet) == 0 || setting.UI.EnabledEmojisSet.Contains(alias)
+			if !enabled {
+				continue
+			}
+			if firstAlias == "" {
+				firstAlias = alias
+			}
+			vars.aliasMap[alias] = idx
+			aliasPairs = append(aliasPairs, ":"+alias+":", emoji.Emoji)
+		}
+
+		// process emoji code
+		if firstAlias != "" {
+			vars.codeMap[emoji.Emoji] = idx
+			codePairs = append(codePairs, emoji.Emoji, ":"+emoji.Aliases[0]+":")
+			emptyPairs = append(emptyPairs, emoji.Emoji, emoji.Emoji)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// create replacers
+	vars.emptyReplacer = strings.NewReplacer(emptyPairs...)
+	vars.codeReplacer = strings.NewReplacer(codePairs...)
+	vars.aliasReplacer = strings.NewReplacer(aliasPairs...)
+	globalVarsStore.Store(vars)
+	return vars
 }

 // FromCode retrieves the emoji data based on the provided unicode code (ie,
 // "\u2618" will return the Gemoji data for "shamrock").
 func FromCode(code string) *Emoji {
-	loadMap()
-	i, ok := codeMap[code]
+	i, ok := globalVars().codeMap[code]
 	if !ok {
 		return nil
 	}
@ -102,12 +108,11 @@ func FromCode(code string) *Emoji {
 // "alias" or ":alias:" (ie, "shamrock" or ":shamrock:" will return the Gemoji
 // data for "shamrock").
 func FromAlias(alias string) *Emoji {
-	loadMap()
 	if strings.HasPrefix(alias, ":") && strings.HasSuffix(alias, ":") {
 		alias = alias[1 : len(alias)-1]
 	}

-	i, ok := aliasMap[alias]
+	i, ok := globalVars().aliasMap[alias]
 	if !ok {
 		return nil
 	}
@ -119,15 +124,13 @@ func FromAlias(alias string) *Emoji {
 // alias (in the form of ":alias:") (ie, "\u2618" will be converted to
 // ":shamrock:").
 func ReplaceCodes(s string) string {
-	loadMap()
-	return codeReplacer.Replace(s)
+	return globalVars().codeReplacer.Replace(s)
 }

 // ReplaceAliases replaces all aliases of the form ":alias:" with its
 // corresponding unicode value.
 func ReplaceAliases(s string) string {
-	loadMap()
-	return aliasReplacer.Replace(s)
+	return globalVars().aliasReplacer.Replace(s)
 }

 type rememberSecondWriteWriter struct {
@ -163,7 +166,6 @@ func (n *rememberSecondWriteWriter) WriteString(s string) (int, error) {

 // FindEmojiSubmatchIndex returns index pair of longest emoji in a string
 func FindEmojiSubmatchIndex(s string) []int {
-	loadMap()
 	secondWriteWriter := rememberSecondWriteWriter{}

 	// A faster and clean implementation would copy the trie tree formation in strings.NewReplacer but
@ -175,7 +177,7 @@ func FindEmojiSubmatchIndex(s string) []int {
 	// Therefore we can simply take the index of the second write as our first emoji
 	//
 	// FIXME: just copy the trie implementation from strings.NewReplacer
-	_, _ = emptyReplacer.WriteString(&secondWriteWriter, s)
+	_, _ = globalVars().emptyReplacer.WriteString(&secondWriteWriter, s)

 	// if we wrote less than twice then we never "replaced"
 	if secondWriteWriter.writecount < 2 {
--- a/modules/emoji/emoji_test.go
+++ b/modules/emoji/emoji_test.go
@ -7,14 +7,13 @@ package emoji
 import (
 	"testing"

+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/container"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/test"
+
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 )

-func TestDumpInfo(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Logf("codes: %d", len(codeMap))
-	t.Logf("aliases: %d", len(aliasMap))
-}
-
 func TestLookup(t *testing.T) {
 	a := FromCode("\U0001f37a")
 	b := FromCode("🍺")
@ -24,7 +23,6 @@ func TestLookup(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.Equal(t, a, b)
 	assert.Equal(t, b, c)
 	assert.Equal(t, c, d)
-	assert.Equal(t, a, d)

 	m := FromCode("\U0001f44d")
 	n := FromAlias(":thumbsup:")
@ -32,7 +30,20 @@ func TestLookup(t *testing.T) {

 	assert.Equal(t, m, n)
 	assert.Equal(t, m, o)
-	assert.Equal(t, n, o)
+
+	defer test.MockVariableValue(&setting.UI.EnabledEmojisSet, container.SetOf("thumbsup"))()
+	defer globalVarsStore.Store(nil)
+	globalVarsStore.Store(nil)
+	a = FromCode("\U0001f37a")
+	c = FromAlias(":beer:")
+	m = FromCode("\U0001f44d")
+	n = FromAlias(":thumbsup:")
+	o = FromAlias("+1")
+	assert.Nil(t, a)
+	assert.Nil(t, c)
+	assert.NotNil(t, m)
+	assert.NotNil(t, n)
+	assert.Nil(t, o)
 }

 func TestReplacers(t *testing.T) {
--- a/modules/git/attribute/batch.go
+++ b/modules/git/attribute/batch.go
@ -77,13 +77,12 @@ func NewBatchChecker(repo *git.Repository, treeish string, attributes []string)
 			_ = lw.Close()
 		}()
 		stdErr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-		err := cmd.Run(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{
-			Env:    envs,
-			Dir:    repo.Path,
-			Stdin:  stdinReader,
-			Stdout: lw,
-			Stderr: stdErr,
-		})
+		err := cmd.WithEnv(envs).
+			WithDir(repo.Path).
+			WithStdin(stdinReader).
+			WithStdout(lw).
+			WithStderr(stdErr).
+			Run(ctx)

 		if err != nil && !git.IsErrCanceledOrKilled(err) {
 			log.Error("Attribute checker for commit %s exits with error: %v", treeish, err)
--- a/modules/git/attribute/checker.go
+++ b/modules/git/attribute/checker.go
@ -71,12 +71,11 @@ func CheckAttributes(ctx context.Context, gitRepo *git.Repository, treeish strin
 	stdOut := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	stdErr := new(bytes.Buffer)

-	if err := cmd.Run(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{
-		Env:    append(os.Environ(), envs...),
-		Dir:    gitRepo.Path,
-		Stdout: stdOut,
-		Stderr: stdErr,
-	}); err != nil {
+	if err := cmd.WithEnv(append(os.Environ(), envs...)).
+		WithDir(gitRepo.Path).
+		WithStdout(stdOut).
+		WithStderr(stdErr).
+		Run(ctx); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to run check-attr: %w\n%s\n%s", err, stdOut.String(), stdErr.String())
 	}

--- a/modules/git/batch_reader.go
+++ b/modules/git/batch_reader.go
@ -31,10 +31,9 @@ type WriteCloserError interface {
 func ensureValidGitRepository(ctx context.Context, repoPath string) error {
 	stderr := strings.Builder{}
 	err := gitcmd.NewCommand("rev-parse").
-		Run(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{
-			Dir:    repoPath,
-			Stderr: &stderr,
-		})
+		WithDir(repoPath).
+		WithStderr(&stderr).
+		Run(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return gitcmd.ConcatenateError(err, (&stderr).String())
 	}
@ -63,14 +62,12 @@ func catFileBatchCheck(ctx context.Context, repoPath string) (WriteCloserError,
 	go func() {
 		stderr := strings.Builder{}
 		err := gitcmd.NewCommand("cat-file", "--batch-check").
-			Run(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{
-				Dir:    repoPath,
-				Stdin:  batchStdinReader,
-				Stdout: batchStdoutWriter,
-				Stderr: &stderr,
-
-				UseContextTimeout: true,
-			})
+			WithDir(repoPath).
+			WithStdin(batchStdinReader).
+			WithStdout(batchStdoutWriter).
+			WithStderr(&stderr).
+			WithUseContextTimeout(true).
+			Run(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			_ = batchStdoutWriter.CloseWithError(gitcmd.ConcatenateError(err, (&stderr).String()))
 			_ = batchStdinReader.CloseWithError(gitcmd.ConcatenateError(err, (&stderr).String()))
@ -111,14 +108,12 @@ func catFileBatch(ctx context.Context, repoPath string) (WriteCloserError, *bufi
 	go func() {
 		stderr := strings.Builder{}
 		err := gitcmd.NewCommand("cat-file", "--batch").
-			Run(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{
-				Dir:    repoPath,
-				Stdin:  batchStdinReader,
-				Stdout: batchStdoutWriter,
-				Stderr: &stderr,
-
-				UseContextTimeout: true,
-			})
+			WithDir(repoPath).
+			WithStdin(batchStdinReader).
+			WithStdout(batchStdoutWriter).
+			WithStderr(&stderr).
+			WithUseContextTimeout(true).
+			Run(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			_ = batchStdoutWriter.CloseWithError(gitcmd.ConcatenateError(err, (&stderr).String()))
 			_ = batchStdinReader.CloseWithError(gitcmd.ConcatenateError(err, (&stderr).String()))
--- a/modules/git/blame.go
+++ b/modules/git/blame.go
@ -166,12 +166,11 @@ func CreateBlameReader(ctx context.Context, objectFormat ObjectFormat, repoPath
 	go func() {
 		stderr := bytes.Buffer{}
 		// TODO: it doesn't work for directories (the directories shouldn't be "blamed"), and the "err" should be returned by "Read" but not by "Close"
-		err := cmd.Run(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{
-			UseContextTimeout: true,
-			Dir:               repoPath,
-			Stdout:            stdout,
-			Stderr:            &stderr,
-		})
+		err := cmd.WithDir(repoPath).
+			WithUseContextTimeout(true).
+			WithStdout(stdout).
+			WithStderr(&stderr).
+			Run(ctx)
 		done <- err
 		_ = stdout.Close()
 		if err != nil {
--- a/modules/git/commit.go
+++ b/modules/git/commit.go
@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ func AddChanges(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, all bool, files ...string)
 		cmd.AddArguments("--all")
 	}
 	cmd.AddDashesAndList(files...)
-	_, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+	_, _, err := cmd.WithDir(repoPath).RunStdString(ctx)
 	return err
 }

@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ func CommitChanges(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, opts CommitChangesOptio
 	}
 	cmd.AddOptionFormat("--message=%s", opts.Message)

-	_, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+	_, _, err := cmd.WithDir(repoPath).RunStdString(ctx)
 	// No stderr but exit status 1 means nothing to commit.
 	if err != nil && err.Error() == "exit status 1" {
 		return nil
@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func AllCommitsCount(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, hidePRRefs bool, file
 		cmd.AddDashesAndList(files...)
 	}

-	stdout, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+	stdout, _, err := cmd.WithDir(repoPath).RunStdString(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ func CommitsCount(ctx context.Context, opts CommitsCountOptions) (int64, error)
 		cmd.AddDashesAndList(opts.RelPath...)
 	}

-	stdout, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: opts.RepoPath})
+	stdout, _, err := cmd.WithDir(opts.RepoPath).RunStdString(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
@ -208,7 +208,10 @@ func (c *Commit) HasPreviousCommit(objectID ObjectID) (bool, error) {
 		return false, nil
 	}

-	_, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("merge-base", "--is-ancestor").AddDynamicArguments(that, this).RunStdString(c.repo.Ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: c.repo.Path})
+	_, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("merge-base", "--is-ancestor").
+		AddDynamicArguments(that, this).
+		WithDir(c.repo.Path).
+		RunStdString(c.repo.Ctx)
 	if err == nil {
 		return true, nil
 	}
@ -354,7 +357,7 @@ func (c *Commit) GetBranchName() (string, error) {
 		cmd.AddArguments("--exclude", "refs/tags/*")
 	}
 	cmd.AddArguments("--name-only", "--no-undefined").AddDynamicArguments(c.ID.String())
-	data, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(c.repo.Ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: c.repo.Path})
+	data, _, err := cmd.WithDir(c.repo.Path).RunStdString(c.repo.Ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		// handle special case where git can not describe commit
 		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "cannot describe") {
@ -432,11 +435,12 @@ func GetCommitFileStatus(ctx context.Context, repoPath, commitID string) (*Commi
 	}()

 	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	err := gitcmd.NewCommand("log", "--name-status", "-m", "--pretty=format:", "--first-parent", "--no-renames", "-z", "-1").AddDynamicArguments(commitID).Run(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{
-		Dir:    repoPath,
-		Stdout: w,
-		Stderr: stderr,
-	})
+	err := gitcmd.NewCommand("log", "--name-status", "-m", "--pretty=format:", "--first-parent", "--no-renames", "-z", "-1").
+		AddDynamicArguments(commitID).
+		WithDir(repoPath).
+		WithStdout(w).
+		WithStderr(stderr).
+		Run(ctx)
 	w.Close() // Close writer to exit parsing goroutine
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, gitcmd.ConcatenateError(err, stderr.String())
@ -448,7 +452,10 @@ func GetCommitFileStatus(ctx context.Context, repoPath, commitID string) (*Commi

 // GetFullCommitID returns full length (40) of commit ID by given short SHA in a repository.
 func GetFullCommitID(ctx context.Context, repoPath, shortID string) (string, error) {
-	commitID, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("rev-parse").AddDynamicArguments(shortID).RunStdString(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+	commitID, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("rev-parse").
+		AddDynamicArguments(shortID).
+		WithDir(repoPath).
+		RunStdString(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "exit status 128") {
 			return "", ErrNotExist{shortID, ""}
--- a/modules/git/config.go
+++ b/modules/git/config.go
@ -118,7 +118,9 @@ func syncGitConfig(ctx context.Context) (err error) {
 }

 func configSet(ctx context.Context, key, value string) error {
-	stdout, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key).RunStdString(ctx, nil)
+	stdout, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--get").
+		AddDynamicArguments(key).
+		RunStdString(ctx)
 	if err != nil && !gitcmd.IsErrorExitCode(err, 1) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get git config %s, err: %w", key, err)
 	}
@ -128,8 +130,9 @@ func configSet(ctx context.Context, key, value string) error {
 		return nil
 	}

-	_, _, err = gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global").AddDynamicArguments(key, value).RunStdString(ctx, nil)
-	if err != nil {
+	if _, _, err = gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global").
+		AddDynamicArguments(key, value).
+		RunStdString(ctx); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to set git global config %s, err: %w", key, err)
 	}

@ -137,14 +140,14 @@ func configSet(ctx context.Context, key, value string) error {
 }

 func configSetNonExist(ctx context.Context, key, value string) error {
-	_, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key).RunStdString(ctx, nil)
+	_, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key).RunStdString(ctx)
 	if err == nil {
 		// already exist
 		return nil
 	}
 	if gitcmd.IsErrorExitCode(err, 1) {
 		// not exist, set new config
-		_, _, err = gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global").AddDynamicArguments(key, value).RunStdString(ctx, nil)
+		_, _, err = gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global").AddDynamicArguments(key, value).RunStdString(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to set git global config %s, err: %w", key, err)
 		}
@ -155,14 +158,14 @@ func configSetNonExist(ctx context.Context, key, value string) error {
 }

 func configAddNonExist(ctx context.Context, key, value string) error {
-	_, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key, regexp.QuoteMeta(value)).RunStdString(ctx, nil)
+	_, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key, regexp.QuoteMeta(value)).RunStdString(ctx)
 	if err == nil {
 		// already exist
 		return nil
 	}
 	if gitcmd.IsErrorExitCode(err, 1) {
 		// not exist, add new config
-		_, _, err = gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--add").AddDynamicArguments(key, value).RunStdString(ctx, nil)
+		_, _, err = gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--add").AddDynamicArguments(key, value).RunStdString(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to add git global config %s, err: %w", key, err)
 		}
@ -172,10 +175,10 @@ func configAddNonExist(ctx context.Context, key, value string) error {
 }

 func configUnsetAll(ctx context.Context, key, value string) error {
-	_, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key).RunStdString(ctx, nil)
+	_, _, err := gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key).RunStdString(ctx)
 	if err == nil {
 		// exist, need to remove
-		_, _, err = gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--unset-all").AddDynamicArguments(key, regexp.QuoteMeta(value)).RunStdString(ctx, nil)
+		_, _, err = gitcmd.NewCommand("config", "--global", "--unset-all").AddDynamicArguments(key, regexp.QuoteMeta(value)).RunStdString(ctx)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to unset git global config %s, err: %w", key, err)
 		}
--- a/modules/git/diff.go
+++ b/modules/git/diff.go
@ -35,12 +35,12 @@ func GetRawDiff(repo *Repository, commitID string, diffType RawDiffType, writer
 // GetReverseRawDiff dumps the reverse diff results of repository in given commit ID to io.Writer.
 func GetReverseRawDiff(ctx context.Context, repoPath, commitID string, writer io.Writer) error {
 	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	cmd := gitcmd.NewCommand("show", "--pretty=format:revert %H%n", "-R").AddDynamicArguments(commitID)
-	if err := cmd.Run(ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{
-		Dir:    repoPath,
-		Stdout: writer,
-		Stderr: stderr,
-	}); err != nil {
+	if err := gitcmd.NewCommand("show", "--pretty=format:revert %H%n", "-R").
+		AddDynamicArguments(commitID).
+		WithDir(repoPath).
+		WithStdout(writer).
+		WithStderr(stderr).
+		Run(ctx); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("Run: %w - %s", err, stderr)
 	}
 	return nil
@ -90,11 +90,10 @@ func GetRepoRawDiffForFile(repo *Repository, startCommit, endCommit string, diff
 	}

 	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	if err = cmd.Run(repo.Ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{
-		Dir:    repo.Path,
-		Stdout: writer,
-		Stderr: stderr,
-	}); err != nil {
+	if err = cmd.WithDir(repo.Path).
+		WithStdout(writer).
+		WithStderr(stderr).
+		Run(repo.Ctx); err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("Run: %w - %s", err, stderr)
 	}
 	return nil
@ -314,29 +313,28 @@ func GetAffectedFiles(repo *Repository, branchName, oldCommitID, newCommitID str

 	// Run `git diff --name-only` to get the names of the changed files
 	err = gitcmd.NewCommand("diff", "--name-only").AddDynamicArguments(oldCommitID, newCommitID).
-		Run(repo.Ctx, &gitcmd.RunOpts{
-			Env:    env,
-			Dir:    repo.Path,
-			Stdout: stdoutWriter,
-			PipelineFunc: func(ctx context.Context, cancel context.CancelFunc) error {
-				// Close the writer end of the pipe to begin processing
-				_ = stdoutWriter.Close()
-				defer func() {
-					// Close the reader on return to terminate the git command if necessary
-					_ = stdoutReader.Close()
-				}()
-				// Now scan the output from the command
-				scanner := bufio.NewScanner(stdoutReader)
-				for scanner.Scan() {
-					path := strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())
-					if len(path) == 0 {
-						continue
-					}
-					affectedFiles = append(affectedFiles, path)
+		WithEnv(env).
+		WithDir(repo.Path).
+		WithStdout(stdoutWriter).
+		WithPipelineFunc(func(ctx context.Context, cancel context.CancelFunc) error {
+			// Close the writer end of the pipe to begin processing
+			_ = stdoutWriter.Close()
+			defer func() {
+				// Close the reader on return to terminate the git command if necessary
+				_ = stdoutReader.Close()
+			}()
+			// Now scan the output from the command
+			scanner := bufio.NewScanner(stdoutReader)
+			for scanner.Scan() {
+				path := strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())
+				if len(path) == 0 {
+					continue
 				}
-				return scanner.Err()
-			},
-		})
+				affectedFiles = append(affectedFiles, path)
+			}
+			return scanner.Err()
+		}).
+		Run(repo.Ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("Unable to get affected files for commits from %s to %s in %s: %v", oldCommitID, newCommitID, repo.Path, err)
 	}
--- a/modules/git/error.go
+++ b/modules/git/error.go
@ -98,28 +98,31 @@ func (err *ErrPushRejected) Unwrap() error {

 // GenerateMessage generates the remote message from the stderr
 func (err *ErrPushRejected) GenerateMessage() {
-	messageBuilder := &strings.Builder{}
-	i := strings.Index(err.StdErr, "remote: ")
-	if i < 0 {
-		err.Message = ""
+	// The stderr is like this:
+	//
+	// > remote: error: push is rejected .....
+	// > To /work/gitea/tests/integration/gitea-integration-sqlite/gitea-repositories/user2/repo1.git
+	// >  ! [remote rejected] 44e67c77559211d21b630b902cdcc6ab9d4a4f51 -> develop (pre-receive hook declined)
+	// > error: failed to push some refs to '/work/gitea/tests/integration/gitea-integration-sqlite/gitea-repositories/user2/repo1.git'
+	//
+	// The local message contains sensitive information, so we only need the remote message
+	const prefixRemote = "remote: "
+	const prefixError = "error: "
+	pos := strings.Index(err.StdErr, prefixRemote)
+	if pos < 0 {
+		err.Message = "push is rejected"
 		return
 	}
-	for {
-		if len(err.StdErr) <= i+8 {
-			break
-		}
-		if err.StdErr[i:i+8] != "remote: " {
-			break
-		}
-		i += 8
-		nl := strings.IndexByte(err.StdErr[i:], '\n')
-		if nl >= 0 {
-			messageBuilder.WriteString(err.StdErr[i : i+nl+1])
-			i = i + nl + 1
-		} else {
-			messageBuilder.WriteString(err.StdErr[i:])
-			i = len(err.StdErr)
+
+	messageBuilder := &strings.Builder{}
+	lines := strings.SplitSeq(err.StdErr, "\n")
+	for line := range lines {
+		line, ok := strings.CutPrefix(line, prefixRemote)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
 		}
+		line = strings.TrimPrefix(line, prefixError)
+		messageBuilder.WriteString(strings.TrimSpace(line) + "\n")
 	}
 	err.Message = strings.TrimSpace(messageBuilder.String())
 }
--- a/modules/git/git.go
+++ b/modules/git/git.go
@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func DefaultFeatures() *Features {
 }

 func loadGitVersionFeatures() (*Features, error) {
-	stdout, _, runErr := gitcmd.NewCommand("version").RunStdString(context.Background(), nil)
+	stdout, _, runErr := gitcmd.NewCommand("version").RunStdString(context.Background())
 	if runErr != nil {
 		return nil, runErr
 	}
--- a/modules/git/gitcmd/command.go
+++ b/modules/git/gitcmd/command.go
@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ type Command struct {
 	brokenArgs []string
 	cmd        *exec.Cmd // for debug purpose only
 	configArgs []string
+	opts       runOpts
 }

 func logArgSanitize(arg string) string {
@ -194,8 +195,8 @@ func ToTrustedCmdArgs(args []string) TrustedCmdArgs {
 	return ret
 }

-// RunOpts represents parameters to run the command. If UseContextTimeout is specified, then Timeout is ignored.
-type RunOpts struct {
+// runOpts represents parameters to run the command. If UseContextTimeout is specified, then Timeout is ignored.
+type runOpts struct {
 	Env               []string
 	Timeout           time.Duration
 	UseContextTimeout bool
@ -221,6 +222,8 @@ type RunOpts struct {
 	Stdin io.Reader

 	PipelineFunc func(context.Context, context.CancelFunc) error
+
+	callerInfo string
 }

 func commonBaseEnvs() []string {
@ -263,44 +266,99 @@ func CommonCmdServEnvs() []string {

 var ErrBrokenCommand = errors.New("git command is broken")

-// Run runs the command with the RunOpts
-func (c *Command) Run(ctx context.Context, opts *RunOpts) error {
-	return c.run(ctx, 1, opts)
+func (c *Command) WithDir(dir string) *Command {
+	c.opts.Dir = dir
+	return c
 }

-func (c *Command) run(ctx context.Context, skip int, opts *RunOpts) error {
+func (c *Command) WithEnv(env []string) *Command {
+	c.opts.Env = env
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c *Command) WithTimeout(timeout time.Duration) *Command {
+	c.opts.Timeout = timeout
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c *Command) WithStdout(stdout io.Writer) *Command {
+	c.opts.Stdout = stdout
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c *Command) WithStderr(stderr io.Writer) *Command {
+	c.opts.Stderr = stderr
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c *Command) WithStdin(stdin io.Reader) *Command {
+	c.opts.Stdin = stdin
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c *Command) WithPipelineFunc(f func(context.Context, context.CancelFunc) error) *Command {
+	c.opts.PipelineFunc = f
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c *Command) WithUseContextTimeout(useContextTimeout bool) *Command {
+	c.opts.UseContextTimeout = useContextTimeout
+	return c
+}
+
+// WithParentCallerInfo can be used to set the caller info (usually function name) of the parent function of the caller.
+// For most cases, "Run" family functions can get its caller info automatically
+// But if you need to call "Run" family functions in a wrapper function: "FeatureFunc -> GeneralWrapperFunc -> RunXxx",
+// then you can to call this function in GeneralWrapperFunc to set the caller info of FeatureFunc.
+// The caller info can only be set once.
+func (c *Command) WithParentCallerInfo(optInfo ...string) *Command {
+	if c.opts.callerInfo != "" {
+		return c
+	}
+	if len(optInfo) > 0 {
+		c.opts.callerInfo = optInfo[0]
+		return c
+	}
+	skip := 1 /*parent "wrap/run" functions*/ + 1 /*this function*/
+	callerFuncName := util.CallerFuncName(skip)
+	callerInfo := callerFuncName
+	if pos := strings.LastIndex(callerInfo, "/"); pos >= 0 {
+		callerInfo = callerInfo[pos+1:]
+	}
+	c.opts.callerInfo = callerInfo
+	return c
+}
+
+// Run runs the command
+func (c *Command) Run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if len(c.brokenArgs) != 0 {
 		log.Error("git command is broken: %s, broken args: %s", c.LogString(), strings.Join(c.brokenArgs, " "))
 		return ErrBrokenCommand
 	}
-	if opts == nil {
-		opts = &RunOpts{}
-	}

 	// We must not change the provided options
-	timeout := opts.Timeout
+	timeout := c.opts.Timeout
 	if timeout <= 0 {
 		timeout = defaultCommandExecutionTimeout
 	}

 	cmdLogString := c.LogString()
-	callerInfo := util.CallerFuncName(1 /* util */ + 1 /* this */ + skip /* parent */)
-	if pos := strings.LastIndex(callerInfo, "/"); pos >= 0 {
-		callerInfo = callerInfo[pos+1:]
+	if c.opts.callerInfo == "" {
+		c.WithParentCallerInfo()
 	}
 	// these logs are for debugging purposes only, so no guarantee of correctness or stability
-	desc := fmt.Sprintf("git.Run(by:%s, repo:%s): %s", callerInfo, logArgSanitize(opts.Dir), cmdLogString)
+	desc := fmt.Sprintf("git.Run(by:%s, repo:%s): %s", c.opts.callerInfo, logArgSanitize(c.opts.Dir), cmdLogString)
 	log.Debug("git.Command: %s", desc)

 	_, span := gtprof.GetTracer().Start(ctx, gtprof.TraceSpanGitRun)
 	defer span.End()
-	span.SetAttributeString(gtprof.TraceAttrFuncCaller, callerInfo)
+	span.SetAttributeString(gtprof.TraceAttrFuncCaller, c.opts.callerInfo)
 	span.SetAttributeString(gtprof.TraceAttrGitCommand, cmdLogString)

 	var cancel context.CancelFunc
 	var finished context.CancelFunc

-	if opts.UseContextTimeout {
+	if c.opts.UseContextTimeout {
 		ctx, cancel, finished = process.GetManager().AddContext(ctx, desc)
 	} else {
 		ctx, cancel, finished = process.GetManager().AddContextTimeout(ctx, timeout, desc)
@ -311,24 +369,24 @@ func (c *Command) run(ctx context.Context, skip int, opts *RunOpts) error {

 	cmd := exec.CommandContext(ctx, c.prog, append(c.configArgs, c.args...)...)
 	c.cmd = cmd // for debug purpose only
-	if opts.Env == nil {
+	if c.opts.Env == nil {
 		cmd.Env = os.Environ()
 	} else {
-		cmd.Env = opts.Env
+		cmd.Env = c.opts.Env
 	}

 	process.SetSysProcAttribute(cmd)
 	cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, CommonGitCmdEnvs()...)
-	cmd.Dir = opts.Dir
-	cmd.Stdout = opts.Stdout
-	cmd.Stderr = opts.Stderr
-	cmd.Stdin = opts.Stdin
+	cmd.Dir = c.opts.Dir
+	cmd.Stdout = c.opts.Stdout
+	cmd.Stderr = c.opts.Stderr
+	cmd.Stdin = c.opts.Stdin
 	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

-	if opts.PipelineFunc != nil {
-		err := opts.PipelineFunc(ctx, cancel)
+	if c.opts.PipelineFunc != nil {
+		err := c.opts.PipelineFunc(ctx, cancel)
 		if err != nil {
 			cancel()
 			_ = cmd.Wait()
@ -374,7 +432,8 @@ type runStdError struct {
 }

 func (r *runStdError) Error() string {
-	// the stderr must be in the returned error text, some code only checks `strings.Contains(err.Error(), "git error")`
+	// FIXME: GIT-CMD-STDERR: it is a bad design, the stderr should not be put in the error message
+	// But a lof of code only checks `strings.Contains(err.Error(), "git error")`
 	if r.errMsg == "" {
 		r.errMsg = ConcatenateError(r.err, r.stderr).Error()
 	}
@ -397,51 +456,33 @@ func IsErrorExitCode(err error, code int) bool {
 	return false
 }

-// RunStdString runs the command with options and returns stdout/stderr as string. and store stderr to returned error (err combined with stderr).
-func (c *Command) RunStdString(ctx context.Context, opts *RunOpts) (stdout, stderr string, runErr RunStdError) {
-	stdoutBytes, stderrBytes, err := c.runStdBytes(ctx, opts)
-	stdout = util.UnsafeBytesToString(stdoutBytes)
-	stderr = util.UnsafeBytesToString(stderrBytes)
-	if err != nil {
-		return stdout, stderr, &runStdError{err: err, stderr: stderr}
-	}
-	// even if there is no err, there could still be some stderr output, so we just return stdout/stderr as they are
-	return stdout, stderr, nil
+// RunStdString runs the command and returns stdout/stderr as string. and store stderr to returned error (err combined with stderr).
+func (c *Command) RunStdString(ctx context.Context) (stdout, stderr string, runErr RunStdError) {
+	stdoutBytes, stderrBytes, runErr := c.WithParentCallerInfo().runStdBytes(ctx)
+	return util.UnsafeBytesToString(stdoutBytes), util.UnsafeBytesToString(stderrBytes), runErr
 }

-// RunStdBytes runs the command with options and returns stdout/stderr as bytes. and store stderr to returned error (err combined with stderr).
-func (c *Command) RunStdBytes(ctx context.Context, opts *RunOpts) (stdout, stderr []byte, runErr RunStdError) {
-	return c.runStdBytes(ctx, opts)
+// RunStdBytes runs the command and returns stdout/stderr as bytes. and store stderr to returned error (err combined with stderr).
+func (c *Command) RunStdBytes(ctx context.Context) (stdout, stderr []byte, runErr RunStdError) {
+	return c.WithParentCallerInfo().runStdBytes(ctx)
 }

-func (c *Command) runStdBytes(ctx context.Context, opts *RunOpts) (stdout, stderr []byte, runErr RunStdError) {
-	if opts == nil {
-		opts = &RunOpts{}
-	}
-	if opts.Stdout != nil || opts.Stderr != nil {
+func (c *Command) runStdBytes(ctx context.Context) ( /*stdout*/ []byte /*stderr*/, []byte /*runErr*/, RunStdError) {
+	if c.opts.Stdout != nil || c.opts.Stderr != nil {
 		// we must panic here, otherwise there would be bugs if developers set Stdin/Stderr by mistake, and it would be very difficult to debug
 		panic("stdout and stderr field must be nil when using RunStdBytes")
 	}
 	stdoutBuf := &bytes.Buffer{}
 	stderrBuf := &bytes.Buffer{}
-
-	// We must not change the provided options as it could break future calls - therefore make a copy.
-	newOpts := &RunOpts{
-		Env:               opts.Env,
-		Timeout:           opts.Timeout,
-		UseContextTimeout: opts.UseContextTimeout,
-		Dir:               opts.Dir,
-		Stdout:            stdoutBuf,
-		Stderr:            stderrBuf,
-		Stdin:             opts.Stdin,
-		PipelineFunc:      opts.PipelineFunc,
-	}
-
-	err := c.run(ctx, 2, newOpts)
-	stderr = stderrBuf.Bytes()
+	err := c.WithParentCallerInfo().
+		WithStdout(stdoutBuf).
+		WithStderr(stderrBuf).
+		Run(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, stderr, &runStdError{err: err, stderr: util.UnsafeBytesToString(stderr)}
+		// FIXME: GIT-CMD-STDERR: it is a bad design, the stderr should not be put in the error message
+		// But a lot of code depends on it, so we have to keep this behavior
+		return nil, stderrBuf.Bytes(), &runStdError{err: err, stderr: util.UnsafeBytesToString(stderrBuf.Bytes())}
 	}
 	// even if there is no err, there could still be some stderr output
-	return stdoutBuf.Bytes(), stderr, nil
+	return stdoutBuf.Bytes(), stderrBuf.Bytes(), nil
 }
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More